CAJ | 학술논문

采用骨髓染色体制片法,对分布于吉林长白山、山东泰山和陕西秦岭的大林姬鼠的染色体组型、C-带、G-带和减数分裂的染色体行为进行了观察分析.发现3个地区标本的染色体数目存在着显著差异.东北标本的2n=48～51,A组染色体为48条,均由端着丝粒染色体组成,同时具有1～3条B染色体,其形态为中着丝粒染色体;山东标本的2n=53～62,A染色体同样为48条端着丝粒染色体组成,具5～14条B染色体,其中1条为较大的中着丝粒染色体,其余为小的中着丝粒和点状染色体.秦岭标本2n=48～49,A染色体为48条端着丝粒染色体,具1条形态很小的端着丝粒B染色体.3地标本的B染色体均存在个体间和个体内变异.长白山标本B染色体的细胞克隆数目为1～2,泰山标本为1～3.在3地标本中,中着丝粒B染色体呈现C-带阴性,点状B染色体呈中度深染.通过对减数分裂的观察,多数B染色体是以单价体的形式存在.中国长白山种群的B染色体数目和形态与朝鲜种群相似.与欧洲种群存在着显著差异.泰山种群的B染色体数目和形态与朝鲜种群及欧洲种群均存在显著差异.泰山种群与秦岭标本同属华北亚种,但它们的B染色体形态和数目差别很大.
채용골수염색체제편법,대분포우길림장백산、산동태산화협서진령적대림희서적염색체조형、C-대、G-대화감수분렬적염색체행위진행료관찰분석.발현3개지구표본적염색체수목존재착현저차이.동북표본적2n=48～51,A조염색체위48조,균유단착사립염색체조성,동시구유1～3조B염색체,기형태위중착사립염색체;산동표본적2n=53～62,A염색체동양위48조단착사립염색체조성,구5～14조B염색체,기중1조위교대적중착사립염색체,기여위소적중착사립화점상염색체.진령표본2n=48～49,A염색체위48조단착사립염색체,구1조형태흔소적단착사립B염색체.3지표본적B염색체균존재개체간화개체내변이.장백산표본B염색체적세포극륭수목위1～2,태산표본위1～3.재3지표본중,중착사립B염색체정현C-대음성,점상B염색체정중도심염.통과대감수분렬적관찰,다수B염색체시이단개체적형식존재.중국장백산충군적B염색체수목화형태여조선충군상사.여구주충군존재착현저차이.태산충군적B염색체수목화형태여조선충군급구주충군균존재현저차이.태산충군여진령표본동속화북아충,단타문적B염색체형태화수목차별흔대.
The mitotic and meiotic chromosomes of Apod emus peninsulae from Mt. Changbai, Jilin Province (A. P. Preator) and M t. Tai, Shandong Province (A. P. Sowerbyi), and Mt. Qinling, Shaanxi Province (A. P. Sowerbyi), China are d escribed. The A chromosomes of two subspecies A. Peninsulae are identical, I. E. 4 8 teloc entric chromosomes. There are differences in the number and types of B chromoso mes between three populations. One to three medium size metacentric B chromosome s appeared in A. P. Preator, and five to fourteen (two types-one medium size met acentric and four to thirteen dot-like B chromosomes) in A. P. Sowerbyi from Mt. Tai and 0～1(telocentric) in A. P. Sowerbyi from Mt. Qinling. Two level s of B chromosome numerical variation, inter- and intraindividual, were found in two sub species.