CAJ | 학술논문

为了解陕西省小麦白粉病菌毒性结构以及主栽小麦品种的抗白粉病基因状况,分别从关中和陕南地区的23个市、县采集白粉病标样,利用32个已知抗病基因品种(系)进行苗期毒力频率测定.同时在6个不同生态区对已知抗病基因品种的成株期抗病性进行了监测.结果表明,V1、V2、V3a、V3b、V3c、V3d、V3f、V5、V6、V8、V17、V2+Ta、V4+8、V1+2+19、V"Era"苗期毒力频率均在60%以上,成株期Pm3d、Pm5、Pm"Era"、Pm7、Pm21、Pm4+8在2个生态区表现感病.由此推断,陕西省优势毒性基因谱为V3d、V5、V"Era"、V4+8.已知抗白粉病基因Pm13、Pm2+Mld、Pm4b+Mli、Pm"XBD"成株期在不同生态区均表现抗病,且苗期毒力频率很低,应在小麦抗病育种中加以有效利用.陕西省主栽小麦品种抗病基因初步分析结果表明,武农148、远丰175、远丰139可能分别含有Pm8、Pm21、Pm17等抗病基因,其他6个品种抗病基因尚不明确.
위료해합서성소맥백분병균독성결구이급주재소맥품충적항백분병기인상황,분별종관중화협남지구적23개시、현채집백분병표양,이용32개이지항병기인품충(계)진행묘기독력빈솔측정.동시재6개불동생태구대이지항병기인품충적성주기항병성진행료감측.결과표명,V1、V2、V3a、V3b、V3c、V3d、V3f、V5、V6、V8、V17、V2+Ta、V4+8、V1+2+19、V"Era"묘기독력빈솔균재60%이상,성주기Pm3d、Pm5、Pm"Era"、Pm7、Pm21、Pm4+8재2개생태구표현감병.유차추단,합서성우세독성기인보위V3d、V5、V"Era"、V4+8.이지항백분병기인Pm13、Pm2+Mld、Pm4b+Mli、Pm"XBD"성주기재불동생태구균표현항병,차묘기독력빈솔흔저,응재소맥항병육충중가이유효이용.합서성주재소맥품충항병기인초보분석결과표명,무농148、원봉175、원봉139가능분별함유Pm8、Pm21、Pm17등항병기인,기타6개품충항병기인상불명학.
To evaluate the virulent genes of Erysiphe graminis f.sp.tritici and the resistance of wheat cultivars in Shaanxi province, 126 samples were collected from 23 cities (counties) in Guanzhong and Shannan region, then the virulent frequency were tested in seedling stage on 32 wheat cultivars with known resistant genes. Also, the resistance of these cultivars to powdery mildew were monitored at 6 sites in Shaanxi province. The results showed that V1, V2, V3a, V3b, V3c, V3d, V3f, V5, V6, V8, V17, V2+Ta, V4+8, V1+2+19 and V"Era" had high virulent frequencies (above 60%),the resistance genes (Pm3d, Pm5, Pm"Era", Pm7, Pm21 and Pm4+8)were susceptible to powdery mildew in 2 sites at adult stage,Therefore, these virulent genes(V3d, V5, V"Era" and V4+8)would be the prevalent races in Shaanxi province. Resistant genes of Pm13, Pm2+Mld, Pm4b+Mli and Pm"XBD" were resistant in all sites at adult stage, which should be used in wheat breeding. The results of the resistance genes of wheat commercial cultivars in Shaanxi province indicate that Wunong 148, Yuanfeng 175, and Yuanfeng 139 may carry Pm8, Pm21, and Pm17, respectively.