CAJ | 학술논문

目的了解中国不同地区吸毒者艾滋病和梅毒流行特点和变化趋势.方法收集1995年以来中国艾滋病监测系统病例报告、哨点监测和疫情估计信息,分析吸毒者艾滋病病例报告数量与分布变化情况,吸毒者HIV和梅毒感染率变化趋势以及吸毒行为的变化情况.结果中国吸毒者规模在过去6年中基本保持稳定,艾滋病病例报告中吸毒者所占比例逐年下降,从2005年之前的44.2%下降到2009年的25.8%.2009年哨点监测数据显示,中国吸毒者HIV和梅毒感染率差异较大,西南地区高东北地区低的态势较为明显.2009年吸毒者哨点HIV抗体平均检出率为6.2%,梅毒为3.7%;注射吸毒者HIV平均感染率为9.2%,梅毒为4.0%.多年监测结果显示,1995-1999年为全国吸毒人群HIV感染的快速增长期,2000年之后注射吸毒者流行进入平台期,最近3年HIV抗体检出率维持在9.0%～10.0%、梅毒检出率在3.5%～4.5%之间波动.结论在未来一段时期内吸毒行为仍是中国艾滋病流行的重要影响因素;应根据区域流行特点有针对性地制定艾滋病防治措施.
목적 료해중국불동지구흡독자애자병화매독류행특점화변화추세.방법 수집1995년이래중국애자병감측계통병례보고、초점감측화역정고계신식,분석흡독자애자병병례보고수량여분포변화정황,흡독자HIV화매독감염솔변화추세이급흡독행위적변화정황.결과 중국흡독자규모재과거6년중기본보지은정,애자병병례보고중흡독자소점비례축년하강,종2005년지전적44.2%하강도2009년적25.8%.2009년초점감측수거현시,중국흡독자HIV화매독감염솔차이교대,서남지구고동북지구저적태세교위명현.2009년흡독자초점HIV항체평균검출솔위6.2%,매독위3.7%;주사흡독자HIV평균감염솔위9.2%,매독위4.0%.다년감측결과현시,1995-1999년위전국흡독인군HIV감염적쾌속증장기,2000년지후주사흡독자류행진입평태기,최근3년HIV항체검출솔유지재9.0%～10.0%、매독검출솔재3.5%～4.5%지간파동.결론 재미래일단시기내흡독행위잉시중국애자병류행적중요영향인소;응근거구역류행특점유침대성지제정애자병방치조시.
Objective To understand the characteristics and trends of HIV and syphilis infections among drug users. Methods Information was collected regarding HIV and syphilis epidemics, as well as on high risk behaviors from the HIV/AIDS surveillance system. Source of information was from HIV/AIDS case- reporting, sentinel surveillance and trend estimation, related to the changes of distribution among HIV positive drug users prevalence rates on HIV and syphilis together with their high risk behaviors. Results Scale number on drug users remained stable in the past six year (from 2003-2009), while the proportion of drug users decreased from 44.2% in 2005 to 25.8% in 2009. Based on the information from HIV/AIDS case reporting system, HIV sentinel surveillance data showed that the HIV prevalence of drug users was quite different from those of Southwestern to Northeastern parts of China. The HIV prevalence in Southwestern China was much higher than that of the Northeastern areas. Sentinel surveillance data showed that the average positive rates were 6.2% and 3.7% on HIV and syphilis , among the drug users. As for injecting drug users (IDU), the average rates on HIV antibody syphilis and HCV were 9.2% and 4.0% respectively. Series surveillance data indicated that the HIV epidemic expanded quickly among drug users from 1995-1999 but became plateaued after 2000 among the IDUs. HIV antibody positive rate remained at 9.0%-10.0% in the past three years while syphilis fluctuated between 3.5%-4.5% in the past three years. Conclusion Drug users and IDUs still remained an important driven factor for HIV/AIDS epidemic in China, suggesting more specific strategies and methods should be developed, based on the characteristics and trends of HIV epidemic, to optimize the allocation HIV prevention and control resources.