CAJ | 학술논문

目的追踪研究上海地区学龄儿童睡眠质量的变化趋势,进一步分析影响儿童睡眠质量的高危因素.方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,使用国际标准化儿童睡眠评估问卷(中文版CSHQ)于2005年与2009年对覆盖上海市城区和郊区的10个区县的同样10所小学的五年级学生进行问卷调查.其中2005年采用"区-学校-年级-班"的技术路线,抽取样本884人;2009年在2005年相同的10所小学以年级为最小单位进行调查,抽取样本2161人.主要对2005年以及2009年两个样本8种反映睡眠质量的参数进行比较分析,对影响睡眠质量的高危因素进行深入分析.结果与2005年相比,2009年学龄儿童睡眠质量不良的比例由29.2%下降至27.9%,其中就寝习惯不良的比例由33.1%下降至28.7%、睡眠焦虑由50.6%下降至39.8%、夜醒由25.2%下降至21.5%、异态睡眠由51.2%下降至45.8%.校正年龄、性别以及家庭社会经济状况后,儿童睡眠质量较差主要与繁重的课业负担、平时使用电脑的时间过长、睡眠时卧房开灯、与父母/照养人同床睡、慢性疾病的影响及父母的作息习惯不良等有关.结论上海学龄儿童睡眠质量整体近年来略呈上升趋势,但仍有1/4以上的儿童睡眠质量不佳.加强父母的睡眠卫生知识教育、帮助儿童养成良好的睡眠习惯,可能是最终改善儿童睡眠质量的有效途径.
목적 추종연구상해지구학령인동수면질량적변화추세,진일보분석영향인동수면질량적고위인소.방법 채용분층정군수궤추양방법,사용국제표준화인동수면평고문권(중문판CSHQ)우2005년여2009년대복개상해시성구화교구적10개구현적동양10소소학적오년급학생진행문권조사.기중2005년채용"구-학교-년급-반"적기술로선,추취양본884인;2009년재2005년상동적10소소학이년급위최소단위진행조사,추취양본2161인.주요대2005년이급2009년량개양본8충반영수면질량적삼수진행비교분석,대영향수면질량적고위인소진행심입분석.결과 여2005년상비,2009년학령인동수면질량불량적비례유29.2%하강지27.9%,기중취침습관불량적비례유33.1%하강지28.7%、수면초필유50.6%하강지39.8%、야성유25.2%하강지21.5%、이태수면유51.2%하강지45.8%.교정년령、성별이급가정사회경제상황후,인동수면질량교차주요여번중적과업부담、평시사용전뇌적시간과장、수면시와방개등、여부모/조양인동상수、만성질병적영향급부모적작식습관불량등유관.결론 상해학령인동수면질량정체근년래략정상승추세,단잉유1/4이상적인동수면질량불가.가강부모적수면위생지식교육、방조인동양성량호적수면습관,가능시최종개선인동수면질량적유효도경.
Objective China has undergone massive socioeconomic change during the past several years, and its impact on children's sleep is still unrecognized.Shanghai, as one of typical economically fastdeveloping cities, was chosen as observational city in this study, which was designed to explore trends in sleep quality in Shanghai school-aged children and related high risk factors on sleep quality. Method Totally 884 fifth grade school-aged students were sampled by stratified cluster random sampling method from 10 primary schools of Shanghai in 2005, then four years later in 2009, 2161 same grade students were sampled from the same schools.Chinese version of Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) was used to evaluate 8 sleep quality parameters among those children, and high risk factors on school-aged children's sleep quality were investigated as well.Result The prevalence of poor sleep quality decreased from 29.2%in 2005 to 27.9% in 2009, and among 8 sleep quality parameters, bedtime resistance decreased from 33.1% to 28.7%, sleep anxiety from 50.6% to 39.8%, night waking from 25.2% to 21.5%, and parasomnia from 51.2% to 45.8%.The factors, such as heavier homework burden, longer daily computer use, bright light during sleep, cosleeping, existence of chronic disease and irregular sleep habits of parents,were associated with poor sleep quality of school-aged children after adjusting for children's age, gender, and family social-economic status.Conclusion Part of sleep quality parameters improved during the past 4 years, but current situation is still tough with more than 1/4 poor sleep quality children.Helping children to develop good sleep hygiene as well as educating parents how to shape children's regular sleep habits might be effective methods to improve children's sleep quality.