CAJ | 학술논문

选用6个T型不育系及其相应的保持系与5个恢复系配制了30个T质杂种和30个相应的A质杂种、选用4个K型不育系及其保持系与2个K型恢复系配制了8个K质杂种和8个相应的A质杂种、选用6个普通品种配制了5个化杀组合，以研究杂种小麦籽粒的蛋白质含量和面团流变特性在F1和F2中的表现。结果表明：①胞质杂种F1和F2籽粒蛋白含量均呈近正态分布；78%的组合F1籽粒以超高亲为主，12%的组合表现倾高亲；F2籽粒以超高亲和偏高亲为主，约有25%的组合表现近中亲。普通品种间的化杀杂种F1籽粒以偏高亲和超高亲为主，F2籽粒以近中亲和偏高亲为主。②T质杂种和相应A质杂种的蛋白含量在F1代差异不显著，但在F2代T型胞质可显著提高籽粒蛋白含量；K型胞质可显著提高杂种籽粒F1和F2的蛋白质含量。③T型胞质可提高杂种小麦的面团流变特性；K型胞质使面团流变特性变劣。普通品种间的化杀杂种F1和F2的面团流变特性都介于双亲之间，某些组合如早优504×核生2号组合的F2杂种表现倾高亲早优504。
선용6개T형불육계급기상응적보지계여5개회복계배제료30개T질잡충화30개상응적A질잡충、선용4개K형불육계급기보지계여2개K형회복계배제료8개K질잡충화8개상응적A질잡충、선용6개보통품충배제료5개화살조합，이연구잡충소맥자립적단백질함량화면단류변특성재F1화F2중적표현。결과표명：①포질잡충F1화F2자립단백함량균정근정태분포；78%적조합F1자립이초고친위주，12%적조합표현경고친；F2자립이초고친화편고친위주，약유25%적조합표현근중친。보통품충간적화살잡충F1자립이편고친화초고친위주，F2자립이근중친화편고친위주。②T질잡충화상응A질잡충적단백함량재F1대차이불현저，단재F2대T형포질가현저제고자립단백함량；K형포질가현저제고잡충자립F1화F2적단백질함량。③T형포질가제고잡충소맥적면단류변특성；K형포질사면단류변특성변렬。보통품충간적화살잡충F1화F2적면단류변특성도개우쌍친지간，모사조합여조우504×핵생2호조합적F2잡충표현경고친조우504。
Seventy six CMS (cytoplasm male sterile) hybrids were obtained from six T-type sterile lines and four K-type sterile lines, and five hybrids from six common wheat cultivars, with the objectives to understand the expression of grain protein contents and dough rheological characters of hybrid wheats in F1 and F2 generations. The results showed that: ①Grain protein contents of CMS hybrids in F1 and F2 were very close to normal distribution. Contents of hybrids of 78% crosses exceeded their high parents, while 12% crosses hybrids were close to their high parents. F1 of CHA hybrids have contents near or above their high parents, and F2 have contents close to their high parents or close to their parents average value in F2. ②No difference of protein content was observed between T-type cytoplasm and its respective A-type cytoplasm hybrids in F1 generation, but in F2 T-type cytoplasm manifested themselves being more higher protein content. K-type cytoplasm could remarkably improve the protein content both in F1 and in F2. ③T-type cytoplasm could improve the dough rheological characters of hybrid wheat, on the contrary, K-type reduce those characters. Dough rheological value of CHA hybrid wheat were in between of their parents; the characters of hybrids of Zaoyou504×Hesheng2 in F2 approached to their higher-contented parent-Zaoyou504.