CAJ | 학술논문

目的:分析第二军医大学长海医院药品不良反应(ADR)的发生情况及其规律,为提高合理用药水平提供参考.方法:对2005年全院上报的264例ADR病例报告进行分类统计和分析评价,计算三大类药物ADR发生例数与其用药频度(DDDs)的比值,分析其ADR的相对发生率.结果:抗感染药引起的ADR比例最高,位于前3位的分别是喹诺酮类、青霉素类和头孢菌素类;其次为中枢神经系统用药与中(成)药.抗感染药物中DDDs排序居前三位的依次为喹诺酮类的左氧氟沙星、大环内酯类的阿奇霉素和喹诺酮类的洛美沙星.中枢神经系统药物DDDs排序居前三位的为解热镇痛药氨麻美敏(日夜百服咛)片、营养神经药甲钴胺和解热镇痛药美洛昔康.中(成)药中引发ADR的品种较多,ADR以皮肤及其附件损害最为常见,其次为消化系统和神经系统的损害.ADR报告例次科室分布差异较大.结论:应通过加强对用药过程的观察,强调合理用药和ADR监测,减少ADR的发生.
목적:분석제이군의대학장해의원약품불량반응(ADR)적발생정황급기규률,위제고합리용약수평제공삼고.방법:대2005년전원상보적264례ADR병례보고진행분류통계화분석평개,계산삼대류약물ADR발생례수여기용약빈도(DDDs)적비치,분석기ADR적상대발생솔.결과:항감염약인기적ADR비례최고,위우전3위적분별시규낙동류、청매소류화두포균소류;기차위중추신경계통용약여중(성)약.항감염약물중DDDs배서거전삼위적의차위규낙동류적좌양불사성、대배내지류적아기매소화규낙동류적락미사성.중추신경계통약물DDDs배서거전삼위적위해열진통약안마미민(일야백복녕)편、영양신경약갑고알화해열진통약미락석강.중(성)약중인발ADR적품충교다,ADR이피부급기부건손해최위상견,기차위소화계통화신경계통적손해.ADR보고례차과실분포차이교대.결론:응통과가강대용약과정적관찰,강조합리용약화ADR감측,감소ADR적발생.
Objective:To analyze the condition and regularity of occurrence of adverse drug reactions(ADR) in Changhai hospital,Second Military Medical University, so as to provide reference for clinical safe and rational medication. Methods:A total of 264 cases of ADR reports collected by ADR monitoring center in the hospital in 2005 were classified and analyzed statistically. The ratios of ADR cases to the DDDs of 3 kinds of drugs with high incidence of ADR were calculated and analyzed. Results:Many kinds of drugs were involved in these ADR case reports, with anti-infective drugs showing the highest proportions(mainly quinolones, penicillins and cephalosporins), followed by central nervous system medicines and Chinese medicines.In the DDDs order of all the anti-infective drugs, levofloxacin of quinolones, azithromycin of macrolides and lomefloxacin of quinolones ranked the top 3. In the DDDs order of the central nervous system medicines, Bufferin Cold of antipyretic analgesic, mecobalamine of neurotrophic medicines and meloxicam of antipyretic analgesic ranked the top 3. The ADR cases induced by Chinese medicines were referred to a variety of drugs and the ADR were manifested chiefly as skin and its appendages damage, followed by gastro-intestinal lesion and nervous system damage. There were great differences in the number of ADR cases reported by different departments in the hospital.Conclusion: Drug utilization monitoring should be strengthened, and attention should be paid to the rational drug use in order to avoid or reduce the incidence of ADR.