CAJ | 학술논문

对扬州市动物园和扬州平山堂养殖场梅花鹿遗传变异以及行为性状进行研究,旨在为梅花鹿及其它动物品种分子标记和行为性状研究提供参考.采用筛选的14对微卫星引物,通过计算基因频率、平均杂合度、多态信息量、有效等位基因数目等,评估其遗传变异.根据微卫星位点信息,结合行为数据观察,利用SPSS 11.5分析程序,将位点信息与行为性状进行相关分析.结果表明,动物园梅花鹿群体14对微卫星位点的平均期望杂合度为0.441,观察杂合度为0.354,平均多态信息量为0.332,各位点基因分化系数平均为0.231.平山堂梅花鹿群体平均期望杂合度为0.372,观察杂合度为0.300,平均多态信息量为0.303,各位点基因分化系数平均为0.149.微卫星位点和梅花鹿行为性状的最小二乘分析表明,TGLA53和BM4107位点对修饰行为有显著影响;2AL2位点对观望行为有显著影响;2AL13和Mber14位点对卧息行为有极显著影响;BM6506位点对反刍和其他行为有显著影响;BL42位点对取食和卧息行为有显著影响.不同基因型个体均值的多重比较表明,对于动物园群体,在TGLA53、BM4107、2AL2、2AL13及BM6506位点,不同基因型之间在行为性状上差异显著(P＜0.05).对于平山堂养殖场群体,在TGLA53,CEH-5、2AL10、BM4107、Mb33、Mber710及BM3628位点,各基因型之间在一些行为性状上亦存在显著差异(P＜0.05).微卫星标记是评估梅花鹿遗传多样性较好的方法,微卫星位点和行为性状存在一定的相关性,但有待于进一步分析验证.
대양주시동물완화양주평산당양식장매화록유전변이이급행위성상진행연구,지재위매화록급기타동물품충분자표기화행위성상연구제공삼고.채용사선적14대미위성인물,통과계산기인빈솔、평균잡합도、다태신식량、유효등위기인수목등,평고기유전변이.근거미위성위점신식,결합행위수거관찰,이용SPSS 11.5분석정서,장위점신식여행위성상진행상관분석.결과표명,동물완매화록군체14대미위성위점적평균기망잡합도위0.441,관찰잡합도위0.354,평균다태신식량위0.332,각위점기인분화계수평균위0.231.평산당매화록군체평균기망잡합도위0.372,관찰잡합도위0.300,평균다태신식량위0.303,각위점기인분화계수평균위0.149.미위성위점화매화록행위성상적최소이승분석표명,TGLA53화BM4107위점대수식행위유현저영향;2AL2위점대관망행위유현저영향;2AL13화Mber14위점대와식행위유겁현저영향;BM6506위점대반추화기타행위유현저영향;BL42위점대취식화와식행위유현저영향.불동기인형개체균치적다중비교표명,대우동물완군체,재TGLA53、BM4107、2AL2、2AL13급BM6506위점,불동기인형지간재행위성상상차이현저(P＜0.05).대우평산당양식장군체,재TGLA53,CEH-5、2AL10、BM4107、Mb33、Mber710급BM3628위점,각기인형지간재일사행위성상상역존재현저차이(P＜0.05).미위성표기시평고매화록유전다양성교호적방법,미위성위점화행위성상존재일정적상관성,단유대우진일보분석험증.
This research aims to evaluate the relationship between molecular marker and behavior traits in sika deer and to give some references to other animal breeds. The genetic diversity and behavior traits of sika deer were detected in Yangzhou Zoo and Yangzhou Pingshangtan Farm. The genetic relationship and variation between and within breeds were described by gene frequency, mean heterozygosity, Polymorphism information content (PIC) and effective allele in terms of 14 microsatellite markers. With information of microsatellite loci and SPSS 11.5 package, the correlations between loci and behavior traits were checked. Results showed that the average values of expected heterozygosity and observed heterozygosity were 0.441 and 0.354, mean PIC was 0.332 for the zoo population, respectively. The gene differentiation value was 0.231, the average expected and observed heterozygosity were 0.372 and 0.300, the PIC was 0.303, and gene differentiation was 0.149 for Pingshantang farm population. The analysis showed that the loci of TGLA53 and BM4107 had significant or highly significant effects on the grooming behavior. The locus of 2AL2 had significant effects on the observing behavior, the locus of 2AL13 on the relaxing behavior, BM6506 locus on the behavior of rumination and others, and BL42 on the eating and relaxing behaviors. The LSD analysis results showed that in the TGLA53, BM4107, 2AL2, 2AL13 and BM6506 loci, there were significant differences in behavior traits among different genetypes (P＜0.05) for the zoo population, and the similar results in the loci of TGLA53, CEH-5, 2AL10, BM4107, Mb33, Mber710 and BM3628 for Pingshangtang farm population. This study indicates that the microsatellite marker is useful to check the genetic diversity, the correlation analysis results also prove some relationships between the microsatellite marker and behavior traits, but it still needs to be proved in the future.