CAJ | 학술논문

为探讨利用天敌动物声讯信号控制高原鼠兔(Ochotona curzoniae)种群数量的可行性,于2006年8月分别就猛禽类、兽类的啸叫声和鼠兔的惨叫声对高原鼠兔行为模式的影响进行研究.结果表明,天敌动物的啸叫声和同类个体的惨叫声是高原鼠兔捕食风险的重要组成因素,猛禽类、兽类的啸叫声和同类个体的惨叫声均可对高原鼠兔的行为格局造成强烈干扰.其中,尤以同类惨叫声的影响最为强烈.同类个体的惨叫声可显著增加洞内躲避时间,减少警戒时间.猛禽类和兽类的鸣叫声可显著减少高原鼠兔的采食时间,而猛禽类的鸣叫声则可延长鼠兔的警戒时间.高原鼠兔在受到风险性声讯信号的干扰时,通常均以减少采食时间、增加警戒时间和洞内滞留时间为响应,但具体应对策略则因风险类别和性质而异.高原鼠兔对声讯信息具有较强的辨识和估测能力,是实施行为决策的重要依据.应用模拟风险性声讯信号营造和强化风险环境实施对鼠类种群数量的局部调控是一个值得探索的新途径.
위탐토이용천활동물성신신호공제고원서토(Ochotona curzoniae)충군수량적가행성,우2006년8월분별취맹금류、수류적소규성화서토적참규성대고원서토행위모식적영향진행연구.결과표명,천활동물적소규성화동류개체적참규성시고원서토포식풍험적중요조성인소,맹금류、수류적소규성화동류개체적참규성균가대고원서토적행위격국조성강렬간우.기중,우이동류참규성적영향최위강렬.동류개체적참규성가현저증가동내타피시간,감소경계시간.맹금류화수류적명규성가현저감소고원서토적채식시간,이맹금류적명규성칙가연장서토적경계시간.고원서토재수도풍험성성신신호적간우시,통상균이감소채식시간、증가경계시간화동내체류시간위향응,단구체응대책략칙인풍험유별화성질이이.고원서토대성신신식구유교강적변식화고측능력,시실시행위결책적중요의거.응용모의풍험성성신신호영조화강화풍험배경실시대서류충군수량적국부조공시일개치득탐색적신도경.
In order to explore the feasibility to control the population number of plateau pika by sound signal of predator, the influences of yells of raptor, beast, and distressed plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae) on behavioral patterns of plateau pika were studied in August 2003. The results indicate that the voice of natural enemies and distressed screams of pika individual were important elements of predation risk for plateau pika, which intensively disturbed the behavior patterns of pikor. In those voices of pika enemies, the distressed screams of pika had most significant impact on the behavior patterns of pika and resulted in increased time for hiding in holes and decreased time for alertness. The voice of raptor and beast decreased the feeding time of pika significantly; at the same time, the voice of raptor prolonged the alertness time of pika. When plateau pika were suffered from risk sound signal, its responses were usually reduced foraging time, increased vigilance time, and increased detention time inside the cave, but the specific replying strategies was different according to the risk category and nature. The study also shows that plateau pika had a strong ability to identify and estimate the sound messages which could be an important action basis for the decision-making of pika. Therefore, the application of simulated risk sound signal to create and intensify a risk environment is a new approach worth of further exploration to control the local rodent population.