CAJ | 학술논문

用分别含20%(低)、40%(高)葡萄糖和糊精的等氮(粗蛋白为35%风干物质)等能(16.4 kI/g)饲料饲养平均尾重为(2.40±0.16)g澎泽鲫Carassius auratus var.Pengze 16周,研究饲料糖种类和水平对鲫鱼生长、抗氧化力、非特异性免疫力和镉耐受性的影响,探讨鲫鱼对糖的利用能力及糖的生理功效.另用相同的饲料在相似的条件下饲养初重为(7.14±0.85)g的鲫鱼8周后胸腔注射12.5 mg/kg体重的氯化镉溶液,观察其24h的存活率.实验结果表明饲料糖种类和水平都没有对鲫鱼的生长、脾指数和肝指数造成显著影响.高糖组糖化血红蛋白GHb值较高(P<0.05).肝胰脏超氧化物歧化酶SOD活性、血浆SOD活性和总抗氧化力T-AOC各组差异不显著,肝胰脏的T-AOC为葡萄糖组显著高于糊精组(P<0.05).补体溶血活性、血浆溶菌酶活性各组差异不显著.红细胞脆性高糖组显著低于低糖组(P<0.05).镉染毒存活率各组差异不显著.上述结果提示40%饲料糖对鲫鱼生理功能没有不良影响,一定量的饲料糖有利于提高鲫鱼的抗氧化力.
용분별함20%(저)、40%(고)포도당화호정적등담(조단백위35%풍간물질)등능(16.4 kI/g)사료사양평균미중위(2.40±0.16)g팽택즉Carassius auratus var.Pengze 16주,연구사료당충류화수평대즉어생장、항양화력、비특이성면역력화력내수성적영향,탐토즉어대당적이용능력급당적생리공효.령용상동적사료재상사적조건하사양초중위(7.14±0.85)g적즉어8주후흉강주사12.5 mg/kg체중적록화력용액,관찰기24h적존활솔.실험결과표명사료당충류화수평도몰유대즉어적생장、비지수화간지수조성현저영향.고당조당화혈홍단백GHb치교고(P<0.05).간이장초양화물기화매SOD활성、혈장SOD활성화총항양화력T-AOC각조차이불현저,간이장적T-AOC위포도당조현저고우호정조(P<0.05).보체용혈활성、혈장용균매활성각조차이불현저.홍세포취성고당조현저저우저당조(P<0.05).력염독존활솔각조차이불현저.상술결과제시40%사료당대즉어생리공능몰유불량영향,일정량적사료당유리우제고즉어적항양화력.
Four isonitrogenous (35% DM) and isocaloric (16.4 kJ/g DM) diets with two types (dextrin and glucose) and two levels (20% and 40%) of carbohydrates were fed the initial weight (2.40±0.16)g Carassius auratus vat. pengze for 16 weeks respectively. The fish was fed 3 times a day at 8:30, 12:30 and 16:00 respectively and at each time the feed was given in trisect in order to minimize the leakage. Daily feed rations were about 4% and modulated according to the feed intake. Three replicate was performed and all the tanks were in the same close circulated system. The water temperature was kept at 25±0.5℃ during the period, the NH4~+-N was lower than 0.14mg/L, the dissolved oxygen was higher than 6.0mg/L, and the nature photoperiod was followed. The fish was weighted to calculate the growth rate at the end of the 16~(th) week. The whole fish, blood, spleen and hepatopancreas were sampled to determine spleen and hepatosomatic index (HSI), glycated hemoglobin (GHb), the antioxidant capacity and non-specific immunity. Some other carps with initial body weight of 7.14±0.85 g were reared under the similar conditions for 8 weeks to analyze the survival rate of 24h after 12.5 mg/kg body weight cadmium injected in the end. The lowest weight gain rate 586.2% was observed in fish fed diet with 40% glucose and the highest 602.6% in fish fed diet with 20% glucose. However, no significant difference was observed among groups. There was no significant difference in both spleen index and HSI, with their range from 0.28% to 0.31% and from 2.31% to 2.46% respectively. The GHb was higher in fish fed diets with high glucose (28.9 A/10gHb) and high dextrin (28.9 A/10gHb) compared to that with low glucose (26.4 A/10gHb) and low dextrin (25.1 A/10gHb) (P<0.05). The hepatopancreas total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) ranged from 1.21 U/mg protein to 1.99 U/mg protein, while the fish fed diets with glucose was higher than that with dextrin (P<0.05). The activities of hepatopancreas superoxide (SOD) ranged from 270.7 U/mL to 294.3 U/mL, plasma SOD ranged from 70.1 U/mL to 85.9 U/mL, plasma T-AOC ranged from 14.0 U/mL to 17.8 U/mL, complement hemolysis (CH50) ranged from 114 U/mL to 167 U/mL, lysozyme (Lyz) ranged from 0.024 U/mL to 0.035 U/mL, and all of these indexes didn't show significant differences among groups. The erythrocyte osmotic fragility (Eof) were lower in fish fed high glucose diets (0.31 NaCl%) and high dextrin diet (0.31 NaCl%) compared to that fed low glucose diet (0.40 NaCl%) and low dextrin diet (0.36 NaCl%). The survival rate after Cadmium injected was not affected by dietary carbohydrate. These results indicated that no negative effect was appeared for carp when fed diet with 40% carbohydrate, and dietary carbohydrate could improve the antioxidant status.