CAJ | 학술논문

在一石英管式炉上进行了尿素掺杂不同金属氧化物热解制取氨气的实验研究，比较了不同氧化物作为床料催化尿素水解制取氨气的性能。实验结果表明：纯尿素的分解不受水汽的影响，产氨率在50％左右，氨气主要生成在133～230℃区间；在水汽存在的情况下，金属氧化物的添加能大大促进尿素的分解和产氨率，氨气主要生成在133～300℃区间，产氨率可达100％。在150-400℃下对不同金属氧化物对HNCO水解的催化活性进行了实验，催化活性如下：TiO2〉γ-Al2O3〉沸石分子筛〉SiO2。催化条件下HNCO水解反应的活化能很低，水解反应主要受传质作用的影响。流化态金属氧化物催化水解实验结果表明，γ-Al2O3具有较高的催化活性和优良的稳定性、耐磨性，更适合当作床料进行流化态催化尿素水解。
재일석영관식로상진행료뇨소참잡불동금속양화물열해제취안기적실험연구，비교료불동양화물작위상료최화뇨소수해제취안기적성능。실험결과표명：순뇨소적분해불수수기적영향，산안솔재50％좌우，안기주요생성재133～230℃구간；재수기존재적정황하，금속양화물적첨가능대대촉진뇨소적분해화산안솔，안기주요생성재133～300℃구간，산안솔가체100％。재150-400℃하대불동금속양화물대HNCO수해적최화활성진행료실험，최화활성여하：TiO2〉γ-Al2O3〉비석분자사〉SiO2。최화조건하HNCO수해반응적활화능흔저，수해반응주요수전질작용적영향。류화태금속양화물최화수해실험결과표명，γ-Al2O3구유교고적최화활성화우량적은정성、내마성，경괄합당작상료진행류화태최화뇨소수해。
The thermohydrolysis and pyrolysis of urea with and without the catalytic function of ten kind of metal oxides for ammonia were studied under quartz tube reactor and the properties of different oxides as a catalytic bed material for urea hydrolysis were compared. The results show that the water vapor has no effect on the urea decomposition and ammonia （NH3） productive rate keeps about 50%. Most of the ammonia is produced at 133-230 ℃. The added metal oxides significantly improve the urea thermohydrolysis in the presence of water vapor. NH3 is produced at 133-300 ℃ and the productive rate reaches 100%. The hydrolysis of isocyanic acid （HNCO） over different metal oxides was investigated experimentally at 150- 400 ℃ and it is found that the catalytic effect decreases in the order TiO2, γ-Al2O3, zeolites, SiO2. On the catalytic condition, the apparent activation energy of the HNCO hydrolysis reaction is low, which suggests the reaction is mainly controlled by gas-phase mass transfer. Ammonia production from urea solution over metal oxides was investigated in a fluidized bed reactor, which shows that γ-Al2O3 is most suitable as a fluidized bed material due to its high catalytic activity, as well as good abrasion resistance and stability.