CAJ | 학술논문

选择4种工业副产品(粉煤灰、碱渣、赤泥和磷石青),通过室内培养实验研究了它们对酸性红壤的改良效果.结果表明碱渣和赤泥能降低土壤溶液中的毒性形态的Al、可溶性Al以及交换性Al,增加土壤pH、交换性盐基和ECEC,可成为石灰的替代品作为酸性土壤的改良剂,且长期施用不会像石灰那样加剧土壤Mg、K的缺乏.粉煤灰的改良效果不太理想,而磷石青虽然能增加土壤交换性盐基和ECEC,降低土壤的交换性Al,但增加土壤溶液中的毒性形态的Al和可溶性Al,因此不利于表层土壤酸化的改良.加入质子消耗量与土壤交换性酸量等当量的碱渣和赤泥时,红壤pH升高到5.81～6.26,土壤Al的饱和度降低到15%以下,即可消除Al的毒害.根据碱渣和赤泥的质子消耗容量和红壤的交换性酸量来确定改良剂的施入量是估算改良剂用量的可行方法.
선택4충공업부산품(분매회、감사、적니화린석청),통과실내배양실험연구료타문대산성홍양적개량효과.결과표명감사화적니능강저토양용액중적독성형태적Al、가용성Al이급교환성Al,증가토양pH、교환성염기화ECEC,가성위석회적체대품작위산성토양적개량제,차장기시용불회상석회나양가극토양Mg、K적결핍.분매회적개량효과불태이상,이린석청수연능증가토양교환성염기화ECEC,강저토양적교환성Al,단증가토양용액중적독성형태적Al화가용성Al,인차불리우표층토양산화적개량.가입질자소모량여토양교환성산량등당량적감사화적니시,홍양pH승고도5.81～6.26,토양Al적포화도강저도15%이하,즉가소제Al적독해.근거감사화적니적질자소모용량화홍양적교환성산량래학정개량제적시입량시고산개량제용량적가행방법.
It is imperative to choose some low cost, available and effective ameliorants to improve soil acidity in south China for the sustainable development of agriculture. In this study, four kinds of industrial by-products, coal fly ash, alkaline slag, red mud and phosphogypsum, were chosen to investigate the efficiency and mechanism to ameliorate the acidity of a red soil with indoor incubation experiments. The results indicated that alkaline slag and red mud could decrease the toxic monometric AI, soluble AI and exchangeable Al, increase pH value, exchangeable base cations and ECEC of the soil, and were potential alternatives for lime to improve soil acidity. Moreover, long-term application of alkaline slag and red mud did not intensify the deficiency of Mg and K as that of lime. Coal fly ash showed less effective for ameliorating soil acidity. Even though phosphogypsum could increase the exchangeable base cations and ECEC and decrease the exchangeable AI, phosphogypsum could increase the toxic monometric Al and soluble Al in red soil and thus was not suitable for amelioration of acid surface soil. When the quantities of proton consumption of alkaline slag and red mud added were equivalent to the content of exchangeable acid, the red soil could be effectively ameliorated with pH value rising to 5.81-6.26 and exchangeable Al saturation reducing to 15%, and thus Al toxicity would be eliminated. It is feasible to evaluate the requirement of alkaline slag and red mud in practice to ameliorate soil acidity based on the proton consumption capacity and soil exchangeable acidity.