中华实验眼科杂志
中華實驗眼科雜誌
중화실험안과잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY
2011年
10期
936-940
,共5页
李炳震%刘瑜玲%韩亮%由德勃%王婷%蒋爱民%降丽娟%吴丽波%赵一鸣%阴正勤%马志中
李炳震%劉瑜玲%韓亮%由德勃%王婷%蔣愛民%降麗娟%吳麗波%趙一鳴%陰正勤%馬誌中
리병진%류유령%한량%유덕발%왕정%장애민%강려연%오려파%조일명%음정근%마지중
视力%患病率%流行病学
視力%患病率%流行病學
시력%환병솔%류행병학
Visual%Prevalence%Epidemiology
背景 视力损害不仅影响患者的生活质量,也给其家庭和社会带来巨大的经济负担.通过流行病学调查了解盲和致盲性眼病的现状是做好防盲工作的基础.目的 对北京市顺义区≥40岁人群进行视力损害的现况调查,为中国政府制定防盲计划提供相关信息.方法采用横断面研究设计,根据世界卫生组织(WHO)的视力损害标准,采用整群随机抽样的方法对北京市顺义区≥40岁人群进行问卷调查及电脑验光、最佳矫正视力(BCVA)检查、裂隙灯显微镜检查和直接检眼镜下眼底检查.不同年龄受检人群的视力分析以10岁的间隔进行分组,用多因素Logistic回归分析法对视力损害与年龄、性别及文化程度间的关联性进行分析.本研究检查人员均经过标准化培训.结果 本调查共入选满足纳入条件者4549人,实际接受筛查者4167人,应答率为91.6％.受检者年龄为40 ～94岁,平均(56.61.±11.10)岁；受检者中视力损害者161例,患病率为3.9％.随着年龄的增长,视力损害的患病率呈明显增长趋势,不同年龄组视力损害发生率的总体差异有统计学意义(x2=159.487,P＜0.0l)；≥70岁年龄组视力损害的患病率是40～49岁年龄组的15倍(OR=0.114,95％ CI:0.056 ～0.234).女性视力损害患病率稍高于男性,但差异无统计学意义(OR =0.901,95％ CI:0.627～1.295).文盲组视力损害患病率为非文盲组的5.5倍,差异有统计学意义(OR=2.743,95％CI:1.830 ～4.111).结论年龄的增长及低文化程度是视力损害患病率增高的主要影响因素,对于个体而言,文化程度的提高是防止视力损害的保护性因素.
揹景 視力損害不僅影響患者的生活質量,也給其傢庭和社會帶來巨大的經濟負擔.通過流行病學調查瞭解盲和緻盲性眼病的現狀是做好防盲工作的基礎.目的 對北京市順義區≥40歲人群進行視力損害的現況調查,為中國政府製定防盲計劃提供相關信息.方法採用橫斷麵研究設計,根據世界衛生組織(WHO)的視力損害標準,採用整群隨機抽樣的方法對北京市順義區≥40歲人群進行問捲調查及電腦驗光、最佳矯正視力(BCVA)檢查、裂隙燈顯微鏡檢查和直接檢眼鏡下眼底檢查.不同年齡受檢人群的視力分析以10歲的間隔進行分組,用多因素Logistic迴歸分析法對視力損害與年齡、性彆及文化程度間的關聯性進行分析.本研究檢查人員均經過標準化培訓.結果 本調查共入選滿足納入條件者4549人,實際接受篩查者4167人,應答率為91.6％.受檢者年齡為40 ～94歲,平均(56.61.±11.10)歲；受檢者中視力損害者161例,患病率為3.9％.隨著年齡的增長,視力損害的患病率呈明顯增長趨勢,不同年齡組視力損害髮生率的總體差異有統計學意義(x2=159.487,P＜0.0l)；≥70歲年齡組視力損害的患病率是40～49歲年齡組的15倍(OR=0.114,95％ CI:0.056 ～0.234).女性視力損害患病率稍高于男性,但差異無統計學意義(OR =0.901,95％ CI:0.627～1.295).文盲組視力損害患病率為非文盲組的5.5倍,差異有統計學意義(OR=2.743,95％CI:1.830 ～4.111).結論年齡的增長及低文化程度是視力損害患病率增高的主要影響因素,對于箇體而言,文化程度的提高是防止視力損害的保護性因素.
배경 시력손해불부영향환자적생활질량,야급기가정화사회대래거대적경제부담.통과류행병학조사료해맹화치맹성안병적현상시주호방맹공작적기출.목적 대북경시순의구≥40세인군진행시력손해적현황조사,위중국정부제정방맹계화제공상관신식.방법채용횡단면연구설계,근거세계위생조직(WHO)적시력손해표준,채용정군수궤추양적방법대북경시순의구≥40세인군진행문권조사급전뇌험광、최가교정시력(BCVA)검사、렬극등현미경검사화직접검안경하안저검사.불동년령수검인군적시력분석이10세적간격진행분조,용다인소Logistic회귀분석법대시력손해여년령、성별급문화정도간적관련성진행분석.본연구검사인원균경과표준화배훈.결과 본조사공입선만족납입조건자4549인,실제접수사사자4167인,응답솔위91.6％.수검자년령위40 ～94세,평균(56.61.±11.10)세；수검자중시력손해자161례,환병솔위3.9％.수착년령적증장,시력손해적환병솔정명현증장추세,불동년령조시력손해발생솔적총체차이유통계학의의(x2=159.487,P＜0.0l)；≥70세년령조시력손해적환병솔시40～49세년령조적15배(OR=0.114,95％ CI:0.056 ～0.234).녀성시력손해환병솔초고우남성,단차이무통계학의의(OR =0.901,95％ CI:0.627～1.295).문맹조시력손해환병솔위비문맹조적5.5배,차이유통계학의의(OR=2.743,95％CI:1.830 ～4.111).결론년령적증장급저문화정도시시력손해환병솔증고적주요영향인소,대우개체이언,문화정도적제고시방지시력손해적보호성인소.
Background Visual impairment influent the life quality of patient and bring about the economical burden to their families and society.Epidemiology survey of the prevalence and main causes of visual impairment is the basis of the prevention of blindness.Objective The goal of this survey was to investigate the visual impairment in the subjects aged 40 years or older living in Shunyi district and assist in the design of intervention programs.Methods A cross-sectional survey was performed in this study.Cluster sampling was used to randomly select 4549 individuals aged ≥40 years in Shunyi district,and visual impairment was evaluated based on WHO criteria and analyzed based on the 10-year interval groups.The questionnaire,best corrected visual acuity (BCVA)and comprehensive eye examination were provided for eligible residents.To evaluate the independentassociation of significant sociodemographic variables with visual impairment,a regression model was constructed including age,sex and education level.This study was approved by the Ethic Committee of Peking University Medical Department.Written informed consent was signed by each subject before any medial survey.Results A total of 4167 subjects participated in this survey with the response rate of 91.6％.The age of the subjects ranged from 40-94 years(mean:56.61±11.10 years).The numbers of visual impairment was 161 with the prevalence 3.9％.Trend x2 test showed that the number and percentage of visual impairment were elevated as the increase of age,showing a significantly difference among different age groups(x2 =159.487,P＜0.01).The prevalence rate of visual impairment in 70 and older group was 15 times more than that of 60-69-year-old group(OR =0.114,95％ CI:0.056-0.234).No significant difference was found between gender and prevalence of visual impairment(OR =0.901,95％ CI:0.627 -1.295).The prevalence rate of visual impairment in illiterate group was 5.5 fold more than that of educated group (OR =2.743,95％ CI:1.830-4.111).Conclusions Ageing and low education degree are the important factors of visual impairment.Education attainment is an independent protective factor of visual impairment.
