CAJ | 학술논문

利用地统计学方法,研究了广西岩溶地区某铅锌矿区农田土壤中Cd、Zn、Pb、Cu四种重金属有效态含量的空间分布特征及其影响因子.结果表明:研究区域不同程度地受到Cd、Zn、Pb、Cu的污染,且水田污染较旱地严重;与广西土壤背景值相比,污染程度最严重的是Cd,在水田和旱地中超标率均为100%,平均超标倍数分别为312.94和33.67;其次是Zn,在水田和早地中超标率分别为100%和34%,平均超标倍数分别为38.34和2.11;污染最轻的为Cu,超标率仅为7%.空间分析表明,有效态Cd、Zn、Pb、Cu的块金系数分别为2.7%、0.2%、6.5%、0.13%,体现了强烈的空间自相关性,且四种重金属空间分布特征相似,在离原铅锌选矿厂较近的西北偏西面有效态Cd、Zn、Pb、Cu含量最高,沿着西北偏西至东南偏东的灌溉渠流向,有效态Cd、Zn、Pb、Cu的含量呈递减趋势,东部旱地有效态Cd、Zn、Pb、Cu含量相对较低.土壤有效态Cd、Zn、Pb、Cu在污染区的空间分布与土壤基本理化性质关系密切,有效态Cd、Zn、Pb、Cu与pH、阳离子交换量、粘粒都呈极显著负相关,与有机质含量则呈极显著正相关.
이용지통계학방법,연구료엄서암용지구모연자광구농전토양중Cd、Zn、Pb、Cu사충중금속유효태함량적공간분포특정급기영향인자.결과표명:연구구역불동정도지수도Cd、Zn、Pb、Cu적오염,차수전오염교한지엄중;여엄서토양배경치상비,오염정도최엄중적시Cd,재수전화한지중초표솔균위100%,평균초표배수분별위312.94화33.67;기차시Zn,재수전화조지중초표솔분별위100%화34%,평균초표배수분별위38.34화2.11;오염최경적위Cu,초표솔부위7%.공간분석표명,유효태Cd、Zn、Pb、Cu적괴금계수분별위2.7%、0.2%、6.5%、0.13%,체현료강렬적공간자상관성,차사충중금속공간분포특정상사,재리원연자선광엄교근적서북편서면유효태Cd、Zn、Pb、Cu함량최고,연착서북편서지동남편동적관개거류향,유효태Cd、Zn、Pb、Cu적함량정체감추세,동부한지유효태Cd、Zn、Pb、Cu함량상대교저.토양유효태Cd、Zn、Pb、Cu재오염구적공간분포여토양기본이화성질관계밀절,유효태Cd、Zn、Pb、Cu여pH、양리자교환량、점립도정겁현저부상관,여유궤질함량칙정겁현저정상관.
By means of geostatistics, a study was carried out to investigate spatial distribution of available heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd) in agricultural soils in a Lead-zinc mining area of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. At the same time, the factors which influence the distribution of available heavy metals were analyzed. Results showed that the soil was polluted by Cd, Zn, Pb, Cu in different degrees. And the contamination in paddy soil is more serious than that in arid land soil. Contrast to the background value of heavy metals in soil at Guangxi, the contaminated degree of Cd in soil is most serious that exceeding standard rate of Cd is 100% and the mean exceeding standard are 312.94 and 33.67 times of Cd in the paddy soils and arid land soils, respectively. The exceeding standard rates of Zn are 100% and 34% in the paddy soils and arid land soils, respectively. The contaminated degree of Cu is slight and the exceeding standard rate of Cu is only 7%. The ratios of nugget to sill of available Cd, Zn, Pb, Cu are 2.7%, 0.2%, 6.5%, 0.13%, respectively, indicating the spatial distribution of available Cd, Zn, Pb, Cu are similar and autocorrelated. The contents of available Cd, Zn, Pb, Cu showed obvious directional characteristics from west northwest to east southeast, and the contents of available Cd, Zn, Pb, Cu reduced gradually along the irrigation ditches from WNW to ESE. The contents of available Cd, Zn, Pb, Cu of arid land soils in west were lower. The correlation analysis showed that spatial distribution of available Cd, Zn, Pb, Cu had been effected significantly by the soil basic physical chemistry character. It is positive correlation between available Cd, Zn, Pb, Cu with organic matter, while that is significantly negative correlation with pH, cation exchange capacity and clay.