河南理工大学学报：自然科学版
河南理工大學學報：自然科學版
하남리공대학학보：자연과학판
JOURNAL OF HENAN POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY
2011年
3期
350-356
,共7页
土地利用%景观格局%遥感技术%丹江口水库
土地利用%景觀格跼%遙感技術%丹江口水庫
토지이용%경관격국%요감기술%단강구수고
Land-use%landscape pattern%remote sensing techniques%danjiangkou reservoir
利用2007年LandsatTM遥感影像解译得到丹江口水库河南汇水区的土地利用数据,使用ArcGIS软件绘制研究区土地利用类型图,并借助景观分析软件Fragstas 3.3,从景观类型水平和景观水平两个层面,选取斑块面积、景观百分比、斑块密度、景观形状指数、分维数、多样性指数、均匀度指数等景观格局指数,分析丹江口水库河南汇水区的土地利用景观格局特征.结果表明,研究区主要土地利用类型为林地、耕地和裸岩,分别占研究区国土面积的57%,19%和15%.阔叶林景观百分比（41%）最大,是研究区的基质,其连结性、完整性最好,灌木林斑块密度（0.23）和景观形状指数（53.04）最大,破碎化程度最高.此外,旱地也表现出很高的破碎性（LSI=51.97）.研究区内景观类型丰富,分布均匀,斑块连结性高,景观斑块集中,但由于受森林砍伐与垦殖等人类活动的影响,景观分布存在一定的分散性,不利于水源地的环境保护.亟待建立协调区域经济的生态补偿机制,减少生态环境的人为破坏,促进生态自我修复.
利用2007年LandsatTM遙感影像解譯得到丹江口水庫河南彙水區的土地利用數據,使用ArcGIS軟件繪製研究區土地利用類型圖,併藉助景觀分析軟件Fragstas 3.3,從景觀類型水平和景觀水平兩箇層麵,選取斑塊麵積、景觀百分比、斑塊密度、景觀形狀指數、分維數、多樣性指數、均勻度指數等景觀格跼指數,分析丹江口水庫河南彙水區的土地利用景觀格跼特徵.結果錶明,研究區主要土地利用類型為林地、耕地和裸巖,分彆佔研究區國土麵積的57%,19%和15%.闊葉林景觀百分比（41%）最大,是研究區的基質,其連結性、完整性最好,灌木林斑塊密度（0.23）和景觀形狀指數（53.04）最大,破碎化程度最高.此外,旱地也錶現齣很高的破碎性（LSI=51.97）.研究區內景觀類型豐富,分佈均勻,斑塊連結性高,景觀斑塊集中,但由于受森林砍伐與墾殖等人類活動的影響,景觀分佈存在一定的分散性,不利于水源地的環境保護.亟待建立協調區域經濟的生態補償機製,減少生態環境的人為破壞,促進生態自我脩複.
이용2007년LandsatTM요감영상해역득도단강구수고하남회수구적토지이용수거,사용ArcGIS연건회제연구구토지이용류형도,병차조경관분석연건Fragstas 3.3,종경관류형수평화경관수평량개층면,선취반괴면적、경관백분비、반괴밀도、경관형상지수、분유수、다양성지수、균균도지수등경관격국지수,분석단강구수고하남회수구적토지이용경관격국특정.결과표명,연구구주요토지이용류형위임지、경지화라암,분별점연구구국토면적적57%,19%화15%.활협림경관백분비（41%）최대,시연구구적기질,기련결성、완정성최호,관목림반괴밀도（0.23）화경관형상지수（53.04）최대,파쇄화정도최고.차외,한지야표현출흔고적파쇄성（LSI=51.97）.연구구내경관류형봉부,분포균균,반괴련결성고,경관반괴집중,단유우수삼림감벌여은식등인류활동적영향,경관분포존재일정적분산성,불리우수원지적배경보호.극대건립협조구역경제적생태보상궤제,감소생태배경적인위파배,촉진생태자아수복.
Based on the land-use date interpreted from LandsatTM image of 2007 and land-use map obtained by using ArcGIS software,with the aid of Fragstas 3.3,the landscape spatial pattern of land-use in Danjiangkou catchment of Henan province was studied at aspects of landscape pattern and landscape level.Landscape indices such as patch area,percentage of landscape,patch density,landscape shape,fractal dimension,landscape diversity and evenness were selected to acquire more landscape information.Results showed that major land-use types in the study area were forest land,farmland and bare rock,with a 57%,19% and 15% of the total land area,respectively.Broadleaf was concluded as the matrix of the study area with the highest landscape percentage（41%）,and its connectivity and integrality were best.The patch density（0.23） and landscape shape index（LSI,53.04） of shrub were biggest,suggesting a high degree of fragmentation.Likewise,the high landscape fragmentation occurred in arid farmland（LSI,51.97）.The landscape types in the study area were rich and the landscape diversity was high.Howerve,a fragmentation of landscape was found in the watershed due to the disturbance of human activity such as forest cutting and intensive reclamation.Therefore it will be detrimental to environment protection of the water head site.Ecological compensation mechanisms of regional economic should be established as early to weaken ecological destruction by human activity and promote self-healing of local ecology.
