CAJ | 학술논문

土壤下伏碳酸盐岩溶蚀作用研究对岩溶区成土作用及大气中CO_2影响意义重大.施肥改变了土壤的生物地球化学场,进而会影响岩溶区的岩溶动力学过程及碳循环.本文在贵州贵阳碳酸盐岩土壤剖面不同深度,埋设白云石、石灰石试片,进行了野外溶蚀试验,观测了试片溶蚀量、土壤CO_2、土壤pH及其他如土壤含水量、土壤矿物与化学成分、土壤水化学成分等影响凶素.结果表明:(1)施用农家肥降低了碳酸盐岩的溶蚀速率:石灰石的溶蚀速率降低了10.48%～53.90%.平均25.51%;白云石的溶蚀速率降低了25.0%～65.69%,平均39.45%.同样条件下土壤中石灰石溶蚀量比白云石大.(2)施用农家肥降低了当地的碳酸盐岩成土速度,降低了35.77%～37.27%.(3)施肥土壤更利于CO_2的产生:施肥剖面土壤中CO_2浓度比空白剖面CO_2浓度高22.52%～198.87%,平均高93.94%;施肥剖面地面CO_2通量比空白剖面地面CO_通量高67.64%.(4)施用农家肥减少了土壤对大气CO_2的沉降量,在贵州贵阳地区,减少的大气CO_2沉降量为25.50%～39.45%;间接地对岩溶水CO_2汇的作用产生了抵消作用,在贵州贵阳地区,抵消作用为59.41%～62.73%.
토양하복탄산염암용식작용연구대암용구성토작용급대기중CO_2영향의의중대.시비개변료토양적생물지구화학장,진이회영향암용구적암용동역학과정급탄순배.본문재귀주귀양탄산염암토양부면불동심도,매설백운석、석회석시편,진행료야외용식시험,관측료시편용식량、토양CO_2、토양pH급기타여토양함수량、토양광물여화학성분、토양수화학성분등영향흉소.결과표명:(1)시용농가비강저료탄산염암적용식속솔:석회석적용식속솔강저료10.48%～53.90%.평균25.51%;백운석적용식속솔강저료25.0%～65.69%,평균39.45%.동양조건하토양중석회석용식량비백운석대.(2)시용농가비강저료당지적탄산염암성토속도,강저료35.77%～37.27%.(3)시비토양경리우CO_2적산생:시비부면토양중CO_2농도비공백부면CO_2농도고22.52%～198.87%,평균고93.94%;시비부면지면CO_2통량비공백부면지면CO_통량고67.64%.(4)시용농가비감소료토양대대기CO_2적침강량,재귀주귀양지구,감소적대기CO_2침강량위25.50%～39.45%;간접지대암용수CO_2회적작용산생료저소작용,재귀주귀양지구,저소작용위59.41%～62.73%.
Research on the effect of farm manure on carbonate rock dissolution is important for pedogenesis of carbonate rocks and source/sink of atmospheric CO_2. In this study, dolomite and limestone tablets were buried in different depths of the soil profile in the karst area of Guiyang City, Guizhou Province and, at the same time, the dissolution amounts of tablets, soil CO_2, soil pH, soil water content, soil minerals and chemical composition and soil water chemistry were monitored. The results show that manure application decreases the dissolution rate of carbonate rocks, with the dissolution amount of limestone and dolomite decreasing by 11.7%-116.9% (averagely 34.2%) and 25.0%-65.69% (averagely 39.45%), respectively, and the dissolution rate of limestone higher than that of dolomite under the same condition. Using these values, the decrease of the pedogenesis rate of carbonate rocks was estimated to be up to 35.77%-37.23% due to the application of manure. The results also suggest that manure accelerates the generation of soil CO_2, and that soil CO_2 concentration in the manure profile increases by 22.52% -198.87% (averagely 93.94%) and the CO_2 flux increases by 67.64% as compared with the control profile. The data also indicate that manure decreases CO_2 uptake by 25.50%-39.45% due to the dissolution of carbonate rocks in Guiyang City, and that it brings indirectly a 59.41%-62.72% counteraction to CO_2 uptake in karst water of Guiyang area.