CAJ | 학술논문

目的通过对变应性鼻炎( allergic rhinitis,AR)流行病学调查分析,获得河北地区生活村民(简称河北村民)与天津市生活市民(简称天津市民)以及其中AR确诊患者的变应原分布情况.方法自2007年4月至2010年5月,通过随机整群和多级抽样,抽取河北村民与天津市民,进行直接面访调查和血清特异性IgE( specific IgE,sIgE)检测,应用SPSS 13.0软件对变应原分布数据进行统计学分析.结果调查对象共计1524例.其中,河北村民1024例、天津市民500例,血清sIgE检测阳性率分别为27.2％ (279/1024)和21.2％ (106/500),差异有统计学意义(x2=7.13,P＜0.01)；AR患病率分别为9.2％ (94/1024)和9.0％ (45/500),差异无统计学意义(x2=0.01,P＞0.05).狗上皮、猫上皮是河北农村地区AR的首要变应原,其次为粉尘螨、屋尘螨、桦木花粉(桦木)、牧草花粉(牧草)；粉尘螨、屋尘螨是天津市区AR的首要变应原,其次为狗上皮、桦木、猫上皮、牧草.河北村民与天津市民AR变应原存在明显差异的变应原种类为:屋尘螨、粉尘螨和狗上皮(x2值分别为11.36、9.14、5.28,P值均＜0.05).狗上皮变应原AR致病率河北村民较天津市民高,屋尘螨和粉尘螨变应原AR患病率天津市民较河北村民高.结论变应原在AR患病中起重要作用,变应原存在地域和城乡差异.
목적 통과대변응성비염( allergic rhinitis,AR)류행병학조사분석,획득하북지구생활촌민(간칭하북촌민)여천진시생활시민(간칭천진시민)이급기중AR학진환자적변응원분포정황.방법 자2007년4월지2010년5월,통과수궤정군화다급추양,추취하북촌민여천진시민,진행직접면방조사화혈청특이성IgE( specific IgE,sIgE)검측,응용SPSS 13.0연건대변응원분포수거진행통계학분석.결과 조사대상공계1524례.기중,하북촌민1024례、천진시민500례,혈청sIgE검측양성솔분별위27.2％ (279/1024)화21.2％ (106/500),차이유통계학의의(x2=7.13,P＜0.01)；AR환병솔분별위9.2％ (94/1024)화9.0％ (45/500),차이무통계학의의(x2=0.01,P＞0.05).구상피、묘상피시하북농촌지구AR적수요변응원,기차위분진만、옥진만、화목화분(화목)、목초화분(목초)；분진만、옥진만시천진시구AR적수요변응원,기차위구상피、화목、묘상피、목초.하북촌민여천진시민AR변응원존재명현차이적변응원충류위:옥진만、분진만화구상피(x2치분별위11.36、9.14、5.28,P치균＜0.05).구상피변응원AR치병솔하북촌민교천진시민고,옥진만화분진만변응원AR환병솔천진시민교하북촌민고.결론 변응원재AR환병중기중요작용,변응원존재지역화성향차이.
Objective To investigate the epidemiology of allergic rhinitis(AR) and the distribution of allergens in villagers who lived in Hebei Province( Hebei villagers) and the citizens who lived in the city of Tianjin (Tianjin citizens).Methods From April 2007 to May 2010,face to face investigation and serum specific IgE (sIgE) examination were conducted among Hebei villagers and Tianjin citizens by randomly multi-stage and cluster sampling,and the results were analyzed. Results A total of 1524 cases were investigated,among them,1024 cases in Hebei and 500 cases in Tianjin,the prevalence of the sIgE test was 27.2％ (279/1024) and 21.2％ (106/500),and the difference was of statistical significance ( x2 =7.13,P ＜0.01 ).The prevalence of AR was 9.2％ (94/1024) and 9.0％ (45/500),the difference was of no statistical significance(x2 =0.01,P ＞ 0.05 ).The most common allergens were dog epithelium and cat epithelium,the next were dust mites,house dust mites,birch and forage grasses in rural areas of Hebei Province.The most common allergens in Tianjin city were dust mites and house dust mites,the next were dog epithelium,cat epithelium,birch and forage grasses. The prevalence of allergens between Hebei villagers and Tianjin citizens had significant difference,which from high to low were house dust mites,dust mites and dog epithelium(x2 value were 11.36,9.14,5.28,all P ＜ 0.05).The incidence of AR caused by dog epithelium in Hebei was higher than that in Tianjin,however,the dust mites in Tianjin was higher than that in Hebei.Conclusions Allergen plays an important role in the prevalence of AR.The allergens have differences not only in areas but also in urban and village. The key factor is contact with allergens frequently.