CAJ | 학술논문

以江苏省近60年来各阶段具有代表性的13个中熟籼稻品种(含杂交稻组合)为材料,依据品种种植年代结合株型特点将其分为早期高秆、矮秆、半矮秆常规稻、半矮秆杂交稻和超级稻5个类型,研究了品种演进过程中米质的变化.结果表明,稻米的碾磨品质(糙米率、精米率和整精米率)在同一类品种间有较大差异,在品种演进过程中无明显变化.与早期品种相比,现代品种(半矮秆杂交稻和超级稻)稻米的垩白度显著降低,崩解值变大,消减值变小,稻米中的清蛋白、谷蛋白、赖氨酸、甘氨酸和精氨酸含量显著增加,醇溶蛋白含量显著降低.随着品种演进,产量逐步提高,其原因主要是总颖花量的增加及每穗粒数的显著增多.说明中籼水稻品种演进过程中,米质和产量协同提高.
이강소성근60년래각계단구유대표성적13개중숙선도품충(함잡교도조합)위재료,의거품충충식년대결합주형특점장기분위조기고간、왜간、반왜간상규도、반왜간잡교도화초급도5개류형,연구료품충연진과정중미질적변화.결과표명,도미적년마품질(조미솔、정미솔화정정미솔)재동일류품충간유교대차이,재품충연진과정중무명현변화.여조기품충상비,현대품충(반왜간잡교도화초급도)도미적성백도현저강저,붕해치변대,소감치변소,도미중적청단백、곡단백、뢰안산、감안산화정안산함량현저증가,순용단백함량현저강저.수착품충연진,산량축보제고,기원인주요시총영화량적증가급매수립수적현저증다.설명중선수도품충연진과정중,미질화산량협동제고.
Improvement in rice quality is very important in rice production. However, little is known about the changes in rice quality during the evolution of cultivars. In this study, 13 typical mid-season indica rice cultivars (including hybrid combinations) applied in the production in Jiangsu Province during the last 60 years were used. These cultivars were classified into five types of early tall cultivars, dwarf cultivars, semi-dwarf cultivars, semi-dwarf hybrids, and super rice according to their application times, plant types and genotypes. All the tested cultivars were grown in the field and the evolution characteristics of the grain quality and yield were investigated. The milling quality (brown rice rate, milled rice rate, and head milled rice rate) differed within the same type of cultivars, but showed no significant differences between types. Compared with those of old cultivars (early tall and dwarf cultivars), the chalkiness, setback values, and prolamin protein content in grains were significantly decreased, whereas the break-down values and the contents of albumin and glutelin proteins, lysine, glycine, and arginine were significantly increased in grains of modern cultivars (semi-dwarf hybrids, and super fice). Grain yield was progressively increased with the evolution of the culti-vats. The increase in grain yield was mainly attributed to the increase in total number of spikelets, which resulted mainly from large panicles. The results suggest that both quality and yield are improved during the evolution for mid-season indica rice culti-vats.