CAJ | 학술논문

以2种禾本科杂草(升马唐、稗草)和2种菊科杂草(旱莲草、野茼蒿)为实验材料,通过砂培法研究不同科属杂草根部对铝胁迫的响应.结果表明:4种杂草根边缘细胞活性均随着铝胁迫浓度和时间呈显著下降的趋势,但禾本科杂草根系边缘细胞的活性高于菊科杂草,且活性的降低幅度较小;4种杂草根相对伸长率均随铝浓度和处理时间的增加呈递减趋势,但铝对旱莲草和野茼蒿根生长的抑制程度要明显高于升马唐和稗草;根系的铝含量、游离脯氨酸含量、MDA 含量和质膜透性均随铝处理浓度和处理时间的增加而增大,且在高铝浓度(1000 mg · L~(-1))时达到最大值,但升马唐和稗草根系的铝含量、游离脯氨酸含量、MDA含量和质膜透性均显著低于旱莲草和野茼蒿,且随着铝浓度的增加,禾本科杂草根系的游离脯氨酸含量及MDA含量的变化没有达到显著水平(P＞0.05).由此说明,铝毒对杂草造成的伤害随着浓度增加和时间延长而加重;升马唐和稗草的根系通过较高的根边缘细胞活性和根相对伸长率及较低的铝含量、游离脯氨酸含量、MDA含量和质膜透性来增加其对铝的耐性;2种禾本科杂草(升马唐、稗草)的耐铝性高于2种菊科杂草(旱莲草、野茼蒿).
이2충화본과잡초(승마당、패초)화2충국과잡초(한련초、야동호)위실험재료,통과사배법연구불동과속잡초근부대려협박적향응.결과표명:4충잡초근변연세포활성균수착려협박농도화시간정현저하강적추세,단화본과잡초근계변연세포적활성고우국과잡초,차활성적강저폭도교소;4충잡초근상대신장솔균수려농도화처리시간적증가정체감추세,단려대한련초화야동호근생장적억제정도요명현고우승마당화패초;근계적려함량、유리포안산함량、MDA 함량화질막투성균수려처리농도화처리시간적증가이증대,차재고려농도(1000 mg · L~(-1))시체도최대치,단승마당화패초근계적려함량、유리포안산함량、MDA함량화질막투성균현저저우한련초화야동호,차수착려농도적증가,화본과잡초근계적유리포안산함량급MDA함량적변화몰유체도현저수평(P＞0.05).유차설명,려독대잡초조성적상해수착농도증가화시간연장이가중;승마당화패초적근계통과교고적근변연세포활성화근상대신장솔급교저적려함량、유리포안산함량、MDA함량화질막투성래증가기대려적내성;2충화본과잡초(승마당、패초)적내려성고우2충국과잡초(한련초、야동호).
Four herbaceous plants, gramineae weeds (Digitaria ciliaris, Echinochloa crusgali) and composite weeds (Eclipta prostrata, Crassocephalum crepidioides) distributed in the red soils of the South China, were used to examine activity of root border cells, root relative elongation, levels of aluminum, proline, malondialdehyde (MDA), and membrane permeability (MP) in the Al-treated roots. It was found that activity of root border cells was significantly decreased with increasing Al~(3+) concentrations or treatment time in these four weeds. The decreasing magnitude was higher in composite weeds than in gramineae weeds, while the contents of aluminum, proline and MDA, and membrane permeability were increased in the roots. Further analysis showed that root growth was more markedly inhibited by Al in Eclipta prostrata and Crassocephalum crepidioides than in Digitaria ciliaris and Echinochloa crusgali under the same conditions. The contents of aluminum, proline and MDA, and membrane permeability in these four weeds roots reached a maximum at 1000 mg · L~(-1) Al~(3+) concentrations, while the increase in Digitaria ciliaris and Echinochloa crusgali were less than in Eclipta prostrata and Crassocephalum crepidioides. No significant increase was observed on contents of proline and MDA in gramineae weeds roots among the different exterior Al~(3+) levels (P>0.05). These findings suggested that the damage levels of aluminum to these four weeds were enhanced with increasing Al concentrations and exposure time;However, the relatively higher activity of the root border cells, longer root relative elongation, lower levels of aluminum, proline, MDA and MP improved the tolerance to Al stress in Digitaria ciliaris and Echinochloa crusgali. Gramineae weeds(Digitaria ciliaris, Echinochloa crusgali) were more resistant to Al toxicity than composite weeds(Eclipta prostrata, Crassocephalum crepidioides).