CAJ | 학술논문

以化学杂交剂SQ-1诱导的生理型小麦雄性不育及其对照植株花药为材料,研究了不同花粉发育时期花药中超氧阴离子(O-·2)生成速率、过氧化氢(H2O2)和丙二醛(MDA)含量以及主要抗氧化酶活性的变化,以探明小麦花药活性氧代谢和生理型雄性不育的关系.结果表明,在幼穗时期,O-·2生成速率、H2O2和MDA含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性均高于相应对照,而过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性则低于或显著低于对照;在单核早期以及花粉败育主要发生期(单核后期和二核初期),O-·2生成速率、H2O2和MDA含量极显著高于对照,而SOD、POD、CAT和APX酶活性却极显著低于对照;在败育后的花药中,O-·2生成速率和H2O2含量与对照之间差异幅度缩小,但MDA含量依然加大,同期的几种抗氧化酶活性依然极显著低于对照.在败育的关键期,品种'西农1376'处理株花药的活性氧升高幅度比'西农2611'处理株较大,抗氧化酶活性降低幅度也较大,且'西农1376'处理株的相对雄性不育率也较高.可见,化学杂交剂SQ-1能诱导小麦花药中O-·2和H2O2大量积累以及SOD、POD、CAT和APX活性的极显著降低,引起花粉关键败育期花药活性氧代谢严重失衡和严重膜脂过氧化,导致大量花粉母细胞发育受到严重抑制,最终造成小麦生理型雄性不育.
이화학잡교제SQ-1유도적생리형소맥웅성불육급기대조식주화약위재료,연구료불동화분발육시기화약중초양음리자(O-·2)생성속솔、과양화경(H2O2)화병이철(MDA)함량이급주요항양화매활성적변화,이탐명소맥화약활성양대사화생리형웅성불육적관계.결과표명,재유수시기,O-·2생성속솔、H2O2화MDA함량、초양화물기화매(SOD)화항배혈산과양화물매(APX)활성균고우상응대조,이과양화물매(POD)화과양화경매(CAT)활성칙저우혹현저저우대조;재단핵조기이급화분패육주요발생기(단핵후기화이핵초기),O-·2생성속솔、H2O2화MDA함량겁현저고우대조,이SOD、POD、CAT화APX매활성각겁현저저우대조;재패육후적화약중,O-·2생성속솔화H2O2함량여대조지간차이폭도축소,단MDA함량의연가대,동기적궤충항양화매활성의연겁현저저우대조.재패육적관건기,품충'서농1376'처리주화약적활성양승고폭도비'서농2611'처리주교대,항양화매활성강저폭도야교대,차'서농1376'처리주적상대웅성불육솔야교고.가견,화학잡교제SQ-1능유도소맥화약중O-·2화H2O2대량적루이급SOD、POD、CAT화APX활성적겁현저강저,인기화분관건패육기화약활성양대사엄중실형화엄중막지과양화,도치대량화분모세포발육수도엄중억제,최종조성소맥생리형웅성불육.
The study was conducted in order to elucidate the metabolic mechanism of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and scavenging in the physiological male sterility (PMS).The PMS lines induced by SQ-1,a new chemical hybrid agents (CHA) for wheat and their controls were employed for studying the relationship between PMS and metabolism of ROS by comparing the metabolism changes in the production and scavenging of ROS in the anthers at different developmental stages.The results showed that during the young spike stage,O-·2 production rate and contents of H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) were higher than those of corresponding controls,the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) were also higher than those of corresponding control.However,the activities of peroxidase (POD)and catalase (CAT) were lower or significantly lower than those of corresponding controls.Therefore,the susceptibility of different antioxidase were different to CHA before pollen abortion.During early stage of mononucleate pollen to initial stage of binonucleate pollen,on the one hand,O-·2 production rate and contents of H2O2 and MDA were significantly higher than those of corresponding controls,but then the activities of SOD,POD,CAT and APX (except for early stage of mononucleate pollen) were significantly lower than those of corresponding controls.Thus the metabolism balance of ROS in treated anthers were seriously destroyed,which maybe caused violent membrane-lipid peroxidation and inhibited microspore development.At trinucleate pollen stage,the gaps between the O-·2 production rate and content of H2O2 between treatments and controls were decreased,but MDA contents were still increasing.At the same time the activities of four antioxidase between treatments and controls are still significantly different.Therefore,ROS in aborted anthers still caused damage to itselves.During the key abortion stage ,the increment of ROS in 1376CHA anther were higher,but the decrement of activities of antioxidases were lower than those of 2611CHA,which may be the reasons why the male sterility rate of 1376CHA was higher than that of 2611CHA.Excessive accumulation of O-·2,H2O2 and MDA and significant reduction of SOD,POD and CAT antioxidase activities happened ahead of pollen abortion and the following process of pollen abortion,hence the unbalance of ROS metabolism were closely related to pollen abortion of PMS in wheat.