CAJ | 학술논문

选用5个瓦氏雅罗鱼(Leuciscus waleckii Dybowski)微卫星标记和13个草鱼微卫星标记,对分别采白内蒙古境内的达里湖和乌苏里江抚远江段的各15尾野生瓦氏雅罗鱼个体进行STR-PCR分析.结果显示,18个微卫星标记共检测到111个等位基因,平均每个基因座扩增得到6.1667个等位基因,观测杂合度(H_0)0.1000～0.933 3,平均为0.531 5;期望杂合度(H_e)0.0966～0.932 8,平均为0.629 8;多态信息含量(PIC)0.0905～0.911 3,平均为0.5774;乌苏里江群体的平均等位基因数和平均观测杂合度分别为5.555 6和0.577 8,达里湖群体的平均等位基因数和平均观测杂合度均低于乌苏里江群体的平均等位基因数和平均观测杂合度,分别为4.388 9和0.485 2.2个群体间的遗传距离(D_c)为0.255 0.个体聚类结果显示,达里湖雅罗鱼所有个体聚为一簇,乌苏里江雅罗鱼所有个体聚为一簇.群体间的遗传分化指数(F_(st))为0.085 5,数值介于0.05～0.15,N_m值为2.6749,表明这2个群体处于中等分化,存在一定程度的基因交流.对2个群体的基因型进行了Hardy-Weinberg平衡的卡方检验,结果表明两群体均在一定程度上偏离了平衡.
선용5개와씨아라어(Leuciscus waleckii Dybowski)미위성표기화13개초어미위성표기,대분별채백내몽고경내적체리호화오소리강무원강단적각15미야생와씨아라어개체진행STR-PCR분석.결과현시,18개미위성표기공검측도111개등위기인,평균매개기인좌확증득도6.1667개등위기인,관측잡합도(H_0)0.1000～0.933 3,평균위0.531 5;기망잡합도(H_e)0.0966～0.932 8,평균위0.629 8;다태신식함량(PIC)0.0905～0.911 3,평균위0.5774;오소리강군체적평균등위기인수화평균관측잡합도분별위5.555 6화0.577 8,체리호군체적평균등위기인수화평균관측잡합도균저우오소리강군체적평균등위기인수화평균관측잡합도,분별위4.388 9화0.485 2.2개군체간적유전거리(D_c)위0.255 0.개체취류결과현시,체리호아라어소유개체취위일족,오소리강아라어소유개체취위일족.군체간적유전분화지수(F_(st))위0.085 5,수치개우0.05～0.15,N_m치위2.6749,표명저2개군체처우중등분화,존재일정정도적기인교류.대2개군체적기인형진행료Hardy-Weinberg평형적잡방검험,결과표명량군체균재일정정도상편리료평형.
Leuciscus waleckii Dybowski belongs to Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae and Leuciscus, mainly distributing in Amur River, Wusuli River, Songhua River, Liaohe River, Yellow River, Luanhe River and Nenjiang River. It is a cold water species and can survive in saline-alkaline waters above pH 9.0. While, a large number of L. waleckii survive in Dali Lake, which is located in the northeast of Inner Mongolia and is a saline-alkaline lake with a salinity of 6.96 and alkalinity of 53.57 mmol/L. Using 5 microsatellite markers of L.waleckii and 13 microsatellite markers of grass carp, we analyzed genetic differences and structures of Lwaleckii sampled from Wusuli River and Dali Lake. The estimates of genetic variability showed that a total of 111 alleles were detected with average of 6.166 7 at each locus. The observed heterozygosity (H_o) ranged from 0.100 0 to 0.933 3 with the mean of 0.531 5. The expected heterozygosity (H_e) and polymorphic information content (PIC) were 0.096 6-0.932 8 and 0.090 5-0.911 3, respectively. The average number of alleles and average H_o in Wusuli River population were 5.555 6 and 0.577 8 and in Dali population were 4.388 9 and 0.485 2 .As described above, the levels of genetic variability were moderate in L.waleckii in this study. But the level of genetic diversity in Dali population was slightly lower than that in Wusuli population .The protection of wildlife resources should be strengthened in the future. The genetic distance between the two populations is 0.255 0 and the genetic similarity index is 0.774 9. Individual clustering showed that all Dali individuals converged in the right branch of topology tree, and the 15 individuals of Wusuli population converged in the left branch. The values of pairwise F_(st) and gene flow (N_m) were also estimated for the two populations. The value of pairwise F_(st), is 0.085 5, N_m is 2.674 9, indicating Dali and Wusuli populations have a moderate level of differention and little gene exchange between them. Chi-square test was used to analyze the genotype based on Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium; the P value denoted that the two populations deviated equilibrium partially.