CAJ | 학술논문

针对一辆12m增程式城市客车,对比研究了几种常见的能量管理算法.该城市客车由锂离子电池驱动,并配有一个功率辅助单元(auxiliary power unit,APU)作为里程延长器.功率辅助单元由发动机和发电机组成,可以将燃料中的化学能转化为电能,补充动力电池的电量.首先,建立了该动力系统的动态模型.基于该模型,定义了一个以日行驶燃油消耗量最小为目标的全局优化问题.采用动态规划方法(dynamic programming,DP)进行求解；其次,对比分析了动态规划策略、耗尽-维持(charge depleting and charge sustaining)策略、混合(blended)策略等几种常见的能量管理方法.仿真结果表明,对于本文所研究的特定动力系统,采用全局最优策略,日行驶工况下燃油经济性为26.1 L/100 km；采用混合策略,日行驶工况下燃油经济性为29.1 L/100 km；采用耗尽-维持策略,日行驶工况下燃油经济性为28.2 L/100 km.由于全局优化策略无法投入使用,相较于混合策略,耗尽-维持策略可降低油耗3％.将耗尽-维持策略应用于实际车辆.道路实验表明,空载状况下实际油耗为23.6 L/100 km,满载情况下为24.9 L/100 km.相较于传统车平均30L/100 km的水平,满载情况下耗尽-维持策略可降低油耗17％.
침대일량12m증정식성시객차,대비연구료궤충상견적능량관리산법.해성시객차유리리자전지구동,병배유일개공솔보조단원(auxiliary power unit,APU)작위리정연장기.공솔보조단원유발동궤화발전궤조성,가이장연료중적화학능전화위전능,보충동력전지적전량.수선,건립료해동력계통적동태모형.기우해모형,정의료일개이일행사연유소모량최소위목표적전국우화문제.채용동태규화방법(dynamic programming,DP)진행구해；기차,대비분석료동태규화책략、모진-유지(charge depleting and charge sustaining)책략、혼합(blended)책략등궤충상견적능량관리방법.방진결과표명,대우본문소연구적특정동력계통,채용전국최우책략,일행사공황하연유경제성위26.1 L/100 km；채용혼합책략,일행사공황하연유경제성위29.1 L/100 km；채용모진-유지책략,일행사공황하연유경제성위28.2 L/100 km.유우전국우화책략무법투입사용,상교우혼합책략,모진-유지책략가강저유모3％.장모진-유지책략응용우실제차량.도로실험표명,공재상황하실제유모위23.6 L/100 km,만재정황하위24.9 L/100 km.상교우전통차평균30L/100 km적수평,만재정황하모진-유지책략가강저유모17％.
Diverse energy management strategies for a 12 meter-long range extended electric city bus are compared.The city bus is powered by Li-Ion batteries and an auxiliary power unit,which converts chemical energy into electric energy with an internal combustion engine and a generator.The power-train system is firstly modeled,and a global optimal problem targeting at minimizing the fuel consumption is described.The dynamic programming(DP)algorithm is used to solve the problem.The DP strategy is compared with CDCS(charge depleting and charge sustaining)and blended strategies.Simulation analysis and on-road testing are carried out.Results show that,compared with a blended strategy,the optimal CDCS strategy can reduce fuel consumption by 3％(from 29.1 L/100 km to 28.2 L/100 km),and the DP strategy can reduce fuel consumption by 10％(from 29.1 L/100 km to 26.1 L/100 km).In the on-road testing of the Beijing 365 bus route with.the CDCS strategy,the equivalent fuel consumption with an empty load is 23.6 L/100 km,and 24.9 L/100 km with a full load.Fuel consumption can be reduced by 17％ compared to a traditional ICE powered city bus.