CAJ | 학술논문

[目的]研究7号同源染色体(7A、7B、7D)对小麦光合作用的影响,为今后采用遗传和生理生化手段进行小麦的高光效遗传改良提供一定理论依据.[方法]以山西农科院温室大棚中种植的小麦中国春及其7A、7B、7D染色体缺失植株N7A、N7B、N7D(美国堪萨斯州立大学B.S.Gill教授提供)为材料,于灌浆初期进行相关指标测定,研究小麦7A、7B、7D 染色体对小麦光合特性的影响.[结果]N7A、N7B在灌浆初期的光合速率、气孔导度、原初光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、PSⅡ的实际光化学效率(ФPSⅡ)、PSⅡ的表观电子传递速率(ETR)都明显低于中国春,且差异达显著水平(P<0.05);N7D的光合速率、气孔导度都明显高于普通小麦中国春,且差异达显著水平(P<0.05);Fv/Fm、ФPSⅡ、ETR也高于中国春,但差异不显著.[结论]7A、7B染色体对光合速率有正效应,与气孔导度和光化学反应(荧光参数)均有关系;7D染色体对光合速率具有负效应,而这种负效应主要与气孔导度有关,与光化学反应(荧光参数)无关.
[목적]연구7호동원염색체(7A、7B、7D)대소맥광합작용적영향,위금후채용유전화생리생화수단진행소맥적고광효유전개량제공일정이론의거.[방법]이산서농과원온실대붕중충식적소맥중국춘급기7A、7B、7D염색체결실식주N7A、N7B、N7D(미국감살사주립대학B.S.Gill교수제공)위재료,우관장초기진행상관지표측정,연구소맥7A、7B、7D 염색체대소맥광합특성적영향.[결과]N7A、N7B재관장초기적광합속솔、기공도도、원초광화학효솔(Fv/Fm)、PSⅡ적실제광화학효솔(ФPSⅡ)、PSⅡ적표관전자전체속솔(ETR)도명현저우중국춘,차차이체현저수평(P<0.05);N7D적광합속솔、기공도도도명현고우보통소맥중국춘,차차이체현저수평(P<0.05);Fv/Fm、ФPSⅡ、ETR야고우중국춘,단차이불현저.[결론]7A、7B염색체대광합속솔유정효응,여기공도도화광화학반응(형광삼수)균유관계;7D염색체대광합속솔구유부효응,이저충부효응주요여기공도도유관,여광화학반응(형광삼수)무관.
[Objective]The research aimed to study the effects of No.7 homologous Genome(7A,7B,7D )on wheat photosynthesis and provide theoretical basis for using genetic and physiological and biochemical means to realize wheat high effects genetic improvement. [Method]Triticum asetivum cultivar Chinese Spring wheat and its nullisomic wheat (provided by professor B.B.Gill,Kansas State University,America）were used to study the effects of 7A，7B，7D genome chromosomes on photosynthetic characteristics of wheat. [Result]Photosynthetic rate (Pn），stomatal conductance,PSⅡ primary chemical efficiency(Fv/Fm）,quantum yield of PSⅡ liner electron(ФPSⅡ）and estimate electron transportation (ETR)of N7A and N7B were lower than those of Chinese Spring (P<0.05）;and Pn，stomatal conductance of N7D were higher than those of Chinese Spring (P<0.05）;Fv/Fm,ФPSⅡ,ETR of N7D were also higher without significant than those of Chinese Spring. [Conclusion]7A and 7B genosome had positive effects on photosynthesis in common wheat,it was mainly related to stomatal conductance and photoreaction (chlorophyll fluorescence parameters）;but 7D genosome had opposite effects,it mainly related to stomatal conductance but not related to photoreaction (chlorophyll fluorescence parameters）.