CAJ | 학술논문

目的探讨广州市荔湾区5～15岁儿童的屈光不正患病率情况.方法采用人群为基础的横断面调查方法.在2002年10月至2003年1月期间,中山大学巾山眼科中心对广州市荔湾区居住的全部5～15岁儿童,通过随机整群抽样和逐户登记确定样本与受检对象,在71个学校和19个社区检查点进行检查,眼部榆查包括视力、眼球运动、散瞳检影验光、自动验光、外眼、眼前段、屈光间质及眼底检查.屈光不正与儿童的年龄、性别及家长教育程度的关系采用多元回归模型进行分析.结果在登记的5053名儿童中,实际检查4364人,受检率为86.4%.以等效球镜-0.50 D以下作为界定,近视的患病率为35.1%(95%可信区间:33.2%～36.9%),患病率从5岁的3.3%增加到15岁时的73.1%(根据检影验光);女性儿童具有较高的患病率,调整比数比为1.29(95%可信区间:1.11～1.51);以等效球镜+2.00 D以上作为界定,远视患病率为5.8%(95%可信区间:5.3%～6.3%),从5岁时16.7%减少到15岁时低于1.0%.散光(柱镜屈光度≥0.75 D)的患病率在视网膜检影法为33.6%,而在自动验光法为42.7%.Logistie回归模型显示近视与年龄(OR=1.52,95%可信区间:1.48～1.56)、女性(OR=1.29,95%可信区间:1.11～1.51)和父母教育程度(OR=1.22,95%可信区间:1.05～1.42)有关.结论广州市荔湾区学龄儿童具有较高的近视患病率,近视已经成为重要的公共卫生问题,提高儿童屈光矫正的覆盖率和质量足当前的主要挑战.
목적 탐토엄주시려만구5～15세인동적굴광불정환병솔정황.방법 채용인군위기출적횡단면조사방법.재2002년10월지2003년1월기간,중산대학건산안과중심대엄주시려만구거주적전부5～15세인동,통과수궤정군추양화축호등기학정양본여수검대상,재71개학교화19개사구검사점진행검사,안부유사포괄시력、안구운동、산동검영험광、자동험광、외안、안전단、굴광간질급안저검사.굴광불정여인동적년령、성별급가장교육정도적관계채용다원회귀모형진행분석.결과 재등기적5053명인동중,실제검사4364인,수검솔위86.4%.이등효구경-0.50 D이하작위계정,근시적환병솔위35.1%(95%가신구간:33.2%～36.9%),환병솔종5세적3.3%증가도15세시적73.1%(근거검영험광);녀성인동구유교고적환병솔,조정비수비위1.29(95%가신구간:1.11～1.51);이등효구경+2.00 D이상작위계정,원시환병솔위5.8%(95%가신구간:5.3%～6.3%),종5세시16.7%감소도15세시저우1.0%.산광(주경굴광도≥0.75 D)적환병솔재시망막검영법위33.6%,이재자동험광법위42.7%.Logistie회귀모형현시근시여년령(OR=1.52,95%가신구간:1.48～1.56)、녀성(OR=1.29,95%가신구간:1.11～1.51)화부모교육정도(OR=1.22,95%가신구간:1.05～1.42)유관.결론 엄주시려만구학령인동구유교고적근시환병솔,근시이경성위중요적공공위생문제,제고인동굴광교정적복개솔화질량족당전적주요도전.
Objective To estimate the prevalence of refractive error in school-aged children in urban setting of Southern China. Methods In this population-based cross-sectional study, children aged 5 to 15 years old were randomly selected by clustering sampling and door-to-door survey, and were examined in 71 schools and 19 community stations from October 2002 to January 2003. The examination included visual acuity measurement, ocular motility evaluation, retinoscopy, autorefraction under cycloplegia and examination of the external eye, anterior segment, media, and fundus. Results Of 5053 children living in 4814 households enumerated, 4364 (86.4%) were examined. The prevalence of myopia (spherical equivalent, SE < -0.50 D) was 35.1% (95% CI: 33.2%-36.9% ) with retinoscopy, this rate increased from 3.3% in 5-year-old to 73.1% in 15-year-old. Females had a significantly higher risk of myopia (adjusted odds ratio : 1.29, 95% CI: 1.11-1.51 ). The prevalence of hyperopia ( SE ≥ + 2.00 D) was 5.8% (95%CI: 5.3%-6.3% ) and decreased from 16.7% in 5-year-old to less than 1% in 15-year-old.Astigmatism (cylinder ≥0.75 D) was presented in 33.6% of children examined with retinoscopy and in 42.7% with autorefraction. Conclusions The prevalence of myopia is high in Chinese school-age children living in urban Guangzhou, representing an important public health problem. The coverage and quality of refractive correction in the children need to be improved.