CAJ | 학술논문

江苏省历史上是脊髓灰质炎（脊灰）的高发省份之一。消灭脊灰工作经历了：（1）使用口服脊灰疫苗（OPV）前（1956～1960年），（2）开始使用OPV（1961～1969年），（3）广泛使用OPV（1970～1978年），（4）实施计划免疫（1979～1989年），（5）消灭脊灰（1990～1999年）五个时期。回顾消灭脊灰工作的进程和所采取的策略，应该强调两点：（1）不断提高OPV免疫覆盖率。江苏省在开展计划免疫后，加强冷链和规范化接种门诊建设，提高和保证服苗质量；开展消灭脊灰工作后，在做好常规免疫的基础上开展强化免疫活动，形成了有效的免疫屏障。（2）加强病例报告和监测。江苏省于1991年建立了急性弛缓性麻痹(AFP)病例监测系统，实行报病奖励制度，定期进行主动搜索，不断加强AFP病例报告和监测，如今各项监测指标已达到无脊灰证实的要求。自1993年以来未发现脊灰野病毒病例。总结评价所采取的策略，对巩固消灭脊灰工作的成果，为其它疾病的控制提供借鉴。
강소성역사상시척수회질염（척회）적고발성빈지일。소멸척회공작경력료：（1）사용구복척회역묘（OPV）전（1956～1960년），（2）개시사용OPV（1961～1969년），（3）엄범사용OPV（1970～1978년），（4）실시계화면역（1979～1989년），（5）소멸척회（1990～1999년）오개시기。회고소멸척회공작적진정화소채취적책략，응해강조량점：（1）불단제고OPV면역복개솔。강소성재개전계화면역후，가강랭련화규범화접충문진건설，제고화보증복묘질량；개전소멸척회공작후，재주호상규면역적기출상개전강화면역활동，형성료유효적면역병장。（2）가강병례보고화감측。강소성우1991년건립료급성이완성마비(AFP)병례감측계통，실행보병장려제도，정기진행주동수색，불단가강AFP병례보고화감측，여금각항감측지표이체도무척회증실적요구。자1993년이래미발현척회야병독병례。총결평개소채취적책략，대공고소멸척회공작적성과，위기타질병적공제제공차감。
Jinagsu Province is one of the provinces with high incidence of poliomyelitis historically. Eradication of poliomyelitis in the province had experienced five stages as follows: (1) Stage before administration of oral polio vaccines (OPV) (1956～1960); (2) Beginning of OPV administration (1961～1969); (3) Extensive administration of OPV (1970～1978); (4) Implementation of expanded program on immunization (EPI) (1979～1989) and (5)Eradication of poliomyelitis (1990～1999). While reviewing the adopted strategies in the process of polio eradication, two points should be emphasized: (1) To raise the OPV immunization coverage rate unceasingly. After carrying out in Jiangsu Province the EPI, we have taken steps to strengthen the construction of cold chain and to standardize the vaccination in clinics, thus to ensure the vaccination quatity. Based on routine polio vaccination, still we carried out supplementary vaccination to establish an effective immune barrier among the population; (2) To strengthen the AFP surveillance. The AFP surveillance system had been established in 1991 in Jiangsu Province, the various surveillance indexes now has reached every requirements for proving no polio virus exists. In the course of surveillance, we pursued a case-reporting encouragement system and an active AFP searching at regular intervals to strengthen AFP case reporting and surveillance. Since 1993, there was no wild-type polio virus found. To summarize and evaluate the strategies for poliomyelitis eradication not only can consolidate the achievements of the work but also can provide reference in controlling other viral diseases.