CAJ | 학술논문

目的调查地震灾后学生、教师及群众三组群体幸存者的创伤后应激障碍症状、焦虑及抑郁症状的检出率及严重程度,探讨灾后不同群体幸存者的心理特征.方法在汶川地震后的第26天,国家中医药管理局心理救援队在四川德阳、绵竹地区用自编一般情况表、事件影响量表、焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表评定了学生(42例)、教师(40例)和群众(37例)辛存者的心理卫生状况.结果 ①地震后学生、教帅及群众三组事件影响量表(IES)≥20分的分别是69%、80%及91.9%.三组人群的创伤后应激障碍症(PTSD)严重程度有显著性差异(F=5.611,P=0.005<0.01);其中,群众组高于学生组(P=0.001),学生组和教师组、群众组和教师组的差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05).②焦虑:这三组人群均显著高于全国常模(t值分别为6.199、4.741、7.366,P均<0.001).三组之间焦虑程度不同,差异有统计学意义(F=3.376,P=0.038):其中,群众组显著高于学生组和教师组(分别为P=0.029、P=0.022);学生组与教师组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).③抑郁:三组人群均显著高于全国常模(t值分别为2.218、2.298、3.462,P值分别为P=0.032、P=0.027、P=0.001).三组之间差异无统计学意义(F=0.670,P=0.514).结论在地震灾后约一个月,学生、教师及群众幸存者的创伤后应激障碍症状、焦虑及抑郁症状明显,其中群众组的PTSD症状、焦虑症状更为严重.
목적 조사지진재후학생、교사급군음삼조군체행존자적창상후응격장애증상、초필급억욱증상적검출솔급엄중정도,탐토재후불동군체행존자적심리특정.방법 재문천지진후적제26천,국가중의약관리국심리구원대재사천덕양、면죽지구용자편일반정황표、사건영향량표、초필자평량표、억욱자평량표평정료학생(42례)、교사(40례)화군음(37례)신존자적심리위생상황.결과 ①지진후학생、교수급군음삼조사건영향량표(IES)≥20분적분별시69%、80%급91.9%.삼조인군적창상후응격장애증(PTSD)엄중정도유현저성차이(F=5.611,P=0.005<0.01);기중,군음조고우학생조(P=0.001),학생조화교사조、군음조화교사조적차이무통계학의의(P균>0.05).②초필:저삼조인군균현저고우전국상모(t치분별위6.199、4.741、7.366,P균<0.001).삼조지간초필정도불동,차이유통계학의의(F=3.376,P=0.038):기중,군음조현저고우학생조화교사조(분별위P=0.029、P=0.022);학생조여교사조지간차이무통계학의의(P>0.05).③억욱:삼조인군균현저고우전국상모(t치분별위2.218、2.298、3.462,P치분별위P=0.032、P=0.027、P=0.001).삼조지간차이무통계학의의(F=0.670,P=0.514).결론 재지진재후약일개월,학생、교사급군음행존자적창상후응격장애증상、초필급억욱증상명현,기중군음조적PTSD증상、초필증상경위엄중.
Objective To investigate the prevalence and severity degree of post traumatic stress disorder(PTSD), anxiety and depression, and to explore the different mental profile in different groups involved with an earthquake. Methods 26 days after 8.0 grade earthquake in Wenchuan, psychological rescue team of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine went to some communities in Deyang and Mianzhu area of Sichuan province. In this period, a total of 119 survivors, including students(42), teacher(40) and masses(37), were investigated through impact of event scale (IES), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale(SDS). Results ①The detection rate of score over 19 in IES in 3 groups (students, teacher and masses) were 69％, 80％ and 91.9％, respectively. There was significant difference among these 3 groups (F=5.611, P=0.005<0.01) in respect of severity degree of PTSD. ②The values of severity degree of anxiety in 3 groups were significant higher than normal value (P<0.001, all). There was also significant difference among these 3 groups (F=3.376, P=0.038<0.05) in respect of severity degree of anxiety, with the masses group being significant higher than student and teacher group (P=0.029, P=0.022, respectively). ③The values of severity degree of depression in these 3 groups were significant higher than normal value (P<0.05, all). But there was no significant difference (F= 0.670, P=0.514) among these 3 groups. Conclusion The results suggested the importance to assess PTSD, anxiety and depression in post-disaster area, especially PTSD and anxiety evaluations in the masses group.