CAJ | 학술논문

以朝阳港潟湖湿地为研究区,将朝阳港潟湖湿地景观类型划分为两大类七个亚类,其中自然景观主要包括河口湿地、潟湖浅滩、沼泽和盐碱荒地;人工景观主要包括养殖池、盐田和农用地.1954～2007年的50余年间,朝阳港潟湖湿地景观总体变化趋势是从大斑块、类型较单一的自然景观为主体的景观格局向小斑块、多种景观类型共同控制的景观格局转变,不同时期景观类型及其面积变化的主要驱动因素是人类活动.为了度量人类活动干扰对潟湖湿地的影响,以景观生态学为基础,构建了人类干扰强度模型方法,对1954年以来不同时期人类活动对潟湖湿地的干扰强度进行了量化分析,提出了湿地的人类干扰强度分级标准.研究结果表明,1954～1971年期间,朝阳港潟湖湿地的人类干扰强度为轻微干扰;此后,人类对潟湖湿地的干扰强度为强干扰.对比不同时期人类活动对该潟湖湿地的干扰强度,发现在 1972～1983年间人类活动对该潟湖湿地的干扰强度突然增大,该潟湖湿地的开发高峰期主要是20世纪70年代至80年代初. 检验结果证明,人类干扰强度模型的计算结果是可信的.
이조양항석호습지위연구구,장조양항석호습지경관류형화분위량대류칠개아류,기중자연경관주요포괄하구습지、석호천탄、소택화염감황지;인공경관주요포괄양식지、염전화농용지.1954～2007년적50여년간,조양항석호습지경관총체변화추세시종대반괴、류형교단일적자연경관위주체적경관격국향소반괴、다충경관류형공동공제적경관격국전변,불동시기경관류형급기면적변화적주요구동인소시인류활동.위료도량인류활동간우대석호습지적영향,이경관생태학위기출,구건료인류간우강도모형방법,대1954년이래불동시기인류활동대석호습지적간우강도진행료양화분석,제출료습지적인류간우강도분급표준.연구결과표명,1954～1971년기간,조양항석호습지적인류간우강도위경미간우;차후,인류대석호습지적간우강도위강간우.대비불동시기인류활동대해석호습지적간우강도,발현재 1972～1983년간인류활동대해석호습지적간우강도돌연증대,해석호습지적개발고봉기주요시20세기70년대지80년대초. 검험결과증명,인류간우강도모형적계산결과시가신적.
Chaoyanggang lagoon is located at 37°22′17″N-37°24′44″N, 122°27′34″E-122°31′55″E, its area is approximately 1 300 ha, along the northern coast of Shandong Peninsula. Since 1950s, Chaoyanggang lagoon wetland has been impacted by human activities. The continuous rapid changes of land use have resulted in changes of landscape pattern of the lagoon wetland. To understand the changes of the landscape pattern and the impacts of human activities on Chaoyanggang Lagoon, 3 sets of history maps representing the years of 1954, 1971, 1983 respectively and 2 Landsat-5 TM satellite images taken in 2002 and 2007 respectively, and information of field works conducted in 2002 and 2007 were used in this study. According to the topography, hydrography, ecosystem and vegetation of the lagoon wetland, 7 landscape types were identified. In these types, lagoon shallow flat, estuarine wetland, brackish marsh and barren land belong to natural landscape, and salt pond, fishery pond and cropland belong to artificial landscapes. From 1954 to 2007, the area of the artificial landscapes increased by 768.2 ha. The main evolution of the landscape was changed form large patches and few landscape types dominate the landscape to small patches and lots of landscape types dominate the landscape. The landscape pattern of Chaoyanggang lagoon has significantly changed since 1970s. The landscape pattern change of Chaoyanggang Lagoon was caused by human activities. In order to assess the impacts of human activities on the lagoon wetland, a mode of human disturbance intensity defined based on landscape ecology method was used and a human disturbance intensity grading scheme was presented in this study. The human disturbance intensity in 1954, 1971, 1983, 2002 and 2007 were 1.75, 2.16, 3.65, 3.98 and 4.07 on the total lagoon wetland, respectively. The results showed that the lagoonal wetland have suffered slight human disturbance from 1954 to 1971, then, the lagoonal wetland have suffered severe human disturbance. The peak stage of the wetland development was from 1972 to 1983 in Chaoyanggang lagoon wetland. This could be related to the development policy that emphasized fishery and salt manufacture in this period. In addition, the t-test using the landscape diversity index was used to test the significance of impact of human activities on lagoon wetland. The defined mode to assess human disturbance intensity could be an effective measurement for assessing the human impacts on the lagoon wetland.