CAJ | 학술논문

[目的]木薯单爪螨是08年新人侵我国的重要害螨，在非洲、南美等木薯种植国家曾导致严重损失甚至绝收，目前我国相关研究几乎空白。温度是影响木薯单爪螨生长发育与繁殖的重要生态因子之一。为了解木薯单爪螨人侵中国后的适生性分布，解析其入侵、扩散及生态适应性机制，本文研究了极端高温对木薯单爪螨几种保护酶活性的影响，以为其监测预警与有效防控奠定基础。[方法]分别将木薯单爪螨幼螨、前若螨、后若螨和成螨置于42℃高温人工气候箱中处理不同时间（0．5，1，2，4，8，16 and 24h）后取存活个体，采用分光光度计终点测定法测定了42％极端高温处理各龄期螨不同时间后其体内几种保护酶（多酚氧化酶PPO、过氧化物酶POD、抗坏血酸氧化酶AsA—POD、过氧化氢酶CAT、超氧化物歧化酶SOD和酯酶EST）活性的变化。[结果]结果表明，经42℃极端高温胁迫，木薯单爪螨幼螨和雌成螨的PPO、POD、AsA—POD、CAT活f生显著增加、前若螨和后若螨CAT活性显著下降及其PPO、POD、AsA—POD活性的稳定性可能与木薯单爪螨耐热性相关。[结论]木薯单爪螨各龄螨经42℃极端高温胁迫后体内保护酶PPO、POD、AsA—POD以及CAT活性的变化可能与木薯单爪螨对高温的耐受性存在显著相关性。术薯单爪螨为新入侵我国热区的害螨，长期高温条件胁迫可能会导致其耐热性个体逐渐增多，种群耐热性增强，进而导致种群迅速扩张
[목적]목서단조만시08년신인침아국적중요해만，재비주、남미등목서충식국가증도치엄중손실심지절수，목전아국상관연구궤호공백。온도시영향목서단조만생장발육여번식적중요생태인자지일。위료해목서단조만인침중국후적괄생성분포，해석기입침、확산급생태괄응성궤제，본문연구료겁단고온대목서단조만궤충보호매활성적영향，이위기감측예경여유효방공전정기출。[방법]분별장목서단조만유만、전약만、후약만화성만치우42℃고온인공기후상중처리불동시간（0．5，1，2，4，8，16 and 24h）후취존활개체，채용분광광도계종점측정법측정료42％겁단고온처리각령기만불동시간후기체내궤충보호매（다분양화매PPO、과양화물매POD、항배혈산양화매AsA—POD、과양화경매CAT、초양화물기화매SOD화지매EST）활성적변화。[결과]결과표명，경42℃겁단고온협박，목서단조만유만화자성만적PPO、POD、AsA—POD、CAT활f생현저증가、전약만화후약만CAT활성현저하강급기PPO、POD、AsA—POD활성적은정성가능여목서단조만내열성상관。[결론]목서단조만각령만경42℃겁단고온협박후체내보호매PPO、POD、AsA—POD이급CAT활성적변화가능여목서단조만대고온적내수성존재현저상관성。술서단조만위신입침아국열구적해만，장기고온조건협박가능회도치기내열성개체축점증다，충군내열성증강，진이도치충군신속확장
[Objective] Mononychellus tanajoa is a mite speices recently invaded into China in 2008. Temperature is one of the most important ecological factors affecting the growth and reproduction of M. tanajoa. The objective of the current study was to reveal the effects of high temperature incubation on the activities of some protective enzymes in M. tanajoa at different growth stages. The results would contribute to the understanding of the adaptable distribution of M. tanajoa after its invasion into China, the mechanisms in its invasion, diffusion and ecological adaptation, and the monitor- ing, early warning and effective prevention of its damage. [Method] Six protective enzymes, Le. polyphenol oxidase （PPO）, peroxidase （POD）, ascorbate oxidase （AsA- POD）, catalase （CAT）, superoxide dismutase （SOD） and esterase （EST）, were cho- sen to study their activities after the mites at different growth stages were incubated at a extremely high temperature of 42 ~C for a certain period of time up to 24 h. The activities were measured by spectrophotometric endpoint assay method. [Results] Enzyme activities in M. tanajoa were affected by the high temperature incubation. However, differences in enzyme activity changes were found among different protec- tive enzymes and among different growth stages of M. tanajoa. Activities of PPO, POD, AsA-POD and CAT were significantly increased in the larval mites and female adult mites of M. tanajoa. CAT activity was significantly decreased in protonymph and deutonymph of M. tanajoa. Activities of PPO, POD and AsA-POD in protonymph and deutonymph showed no obvious difference from the control. [Conclusion] The activity changes of some protective enzymes in M. tanajoa following high-temperature treatment are part of its anti-stress reaction mechanism. In mite protonymph and deutonymph, activities of PPO, POD and AsA-POD are similar to the untreated con- trol which may be associated with the thermostability of M. tanajoa. It is concluded that, the long-time stress of extreme temperature may result in the increase of the thermostability of mite individuals, the enhancement of the population thermal stability and subsequently lead to rapid expansion of the population.