CAJ | 학술논문

地下水过量开采已经引起北京平原地下水位持续下降,降落漏斗逐年扩大以及一系列环境问题.控制地下水开采,增加地下水补给以达到地下水可持续开采应当成为北京市水资源管理的重要任务.本文根据北京市中长期供水规划、水资源特点和地下水开采现状设计了4种地下水开发利用开采方案:即维持现状开采、增加补给量、减少开采量以及联合方案.运用已建北京平原地下水数值模拟模型对4个方案进行了模拟,分析了地下水系统水均衡量变化,地下水流场变化以及地下水动态变化,以此确定可能的可持续开发方案.结果表明,维持现状开采必将使含水层地下水疏干;增补和减开单独实施虽能改善现状,但难以实现.只有应用增补和减开的联合方案,才有可能实现地下水可持续开发.其为北京平原地下水资源的合理开发提供重要的依据.
지하수과량개채이경인기북경평원지하수위지속하강,강락루두축년확대이급일계렬배경문제.공제지하수개채,증가지하수보급이체도지하수가지속개채응당성위북경시수자원관리적중요임무.본문근거북경시중장기공수규화、수자원특점화지하수개채현상설계료4충지하수개발이용개채방안:즉유지현상개채、증가보급량、감소개채량이급연합방안.운용이건북경평원지하수수치모의모형대4개방안진행료모의,분석료지하수계통수균형량변화,지하수류장변화이급지하수동태변화,이차학정가능적가지속개발방안.결과표명,유지현상개채필장사함수층지하수소간;증보화감개단독실시수능개선현상,단난이실현.지유응용증보화감개적연합방안,재유가능실현지하수가지속개발.기위북경평원지하수자원적합리개발제공중요적의거.
Over-exploitation of groundwater has caused continuous decline in groundwater levels,expansion of the cone of the depression and other environmental problems in the Beijing Plain.Control of groundwater abstraction and increase in groundwater recharge are important tasks for water managers in Beijing municipality.Based on long - term planning of water resources utilization,characteristics and groundwater conditions,four possible groundwater resources development scenarios are designed,including business as usual,reduced recharge,increased recharge and the joint scenario of reduced abstraction and increased recharge.The calibrated regional groundwater flow model of the Beijing Plain is used to simulate effects of each scenario on groundwater levels and balance components.The results show that the business as usual scenario will eventually lead to the depletion of groundwater resources.The reduced abstraction scenario could recover the depleted aquifer and establish a new equilibrium state;the remaining abstraction rate can not meet the water demand.The increased recharge scenario can sustain the present abstraction rate and recover the depleted aquifer,and the required artificial abstraction rate is very large and will be difficult to be implemented.The joint scenario consists of merits of reduced abstraction and increased recharge scenarios.It can sustain the required abstraction rate for water supply and recover the depleted aquifer,and eventually lead to a sustainable development of groundwater resources in the Beijing Plain.