CAJ | 학술논문

尽管学术界至今未能形成一般性的外商直接投资(FDI)区位理论,但已有的大量研究却对加深理解FDI的区位选择规律做出了重要贡献.中国作为一个成功转型国家,在华FDI区位研究早已成为各界关注的热点问题之一.本文从区位理论和FDI理论两方面梳理FDI区位研究的理论基础后,回顾并评述了在华FDI区位研究进展,并提出了其未来发展中需要完善的相关命题.早期的研究以定性描述为主,从20世纪90年代中期开始转入利用计量经济模型对影响在华FDI区位选择的因素进行识别;研究主要集中在省区尺度,识别出的区位因子主要包括成本、市场、集聚和制度等.FDI在东道国的区位选择行为是"区域-产业-企业"共同作用的结果,在识别东道国区位要素的基础上,已有文献同时也关注了来源国效应、产业特征与企业属性和时间演化对FDI区位决策的影响.未来研究中需要加强对新兴经济体FDI区位模型的一般性讨论,强化"区域-产业-企业"系统研究,并关注基于功能视角的在华FDI(跨国公司)区位研究.
진관학술계지금미능형성일반성적외상직접투자(FDI)구위이론,단이유적대량연구각대가심리해FDI적구위선택규률주출료중요공헌.중국작위일개성공전형국가,재화FDI구위연구조이성위각계관주적열점문제지일.본문종구위이론화FDI이론량방면소리FDI구위연구적이론기출후,회고병평술료재화FDI구위연구진전,병제출료기미래발전중수요완선적상관명제.조기적연구이정성묘술위주,종20세기90년대중기개시전입이용계량경제모형대영향재화FDI구위선택적인소진행식별;연구주요집중재성구척도,식별출적구위인자주요포괄성본、시장、집취화제도등.FDI재동도국적구위선택행위시"구역-산업-기업"공동작용적결과,재식별동도국구위요소적기출상,이유문헌동시야관주료래원국효응、산업특정여기업속성화시간연화대FDI구위결책적영향.미래연구중수요가강대신흥경제체FDI구위모형적일반성토론,강화"구역-산업-기업"계통연구,병관주기우공능시각적재화FDI(과국공사)구위연구.
Although there is still no general foreign direct investment (FDI) location theory, a large number of related studies do help deepen our understanding of this issue. Location theory and FDI theory are the two fun-damental theoretical bases of FDI location research. China as a successful transition country, the issue about its FDI location choice had become a hot topic in many fields. This paper reviewed the features, methods, and con-tents of existing studies on FDI location in China. Qualitative description was the most important character of early studies. Since the mid-1990s, the research focuses were shifted to identify the factors which affected the FDI location decision using the econometric model. Existing studies mainly focused on provincial scale and i-dentified location factors included costs, markets, agglomeration, institution, etc. FDI location decision in host country is the interacted result of region-industry-enterprise factors, therefore there are other factors -- includ-ing the country of origin, industry and enterprise characteristics, and the evolution factors -- work besides the host country's location factors. Finally, the paper put forward some questions deserving further research, in-cluding discussing the general location model in merging economies, strengthening region-industry-enterprise systematic research, and paying attention to the location of different functions of FDI in China.