CAJ | 학술논문

为了阐明双季超级稻的高产机理和指导合理施肥,采用品种比较的方法,研究了超级早、晚稻品种的养分吸收和根系分布特性.结果表明,超级早、晚稻品种的养分吸收量平均分别为N 170.04、224.90 kg/hm~2,P 21.97、39.88kg/hm~2,K 107.48、144.47 kg/hm~2,均高于对照.生育中期(穗分化至抽穗)的养分吸收量与产量密切相关.生产100kg稻谷所需要的养分较对照低10%左右.超级早、晚稻品种根系发达,根量较大.抽穗后15 d(早稻)或20 d(晚稻)的根量与产量密切相关,其中5-10 cm的根量与养分吸收总量密切相关.说明生育中期较多的养分吸收和发达的根系是超级早、晚稻高产的重要原因.
위료천명쌍계초급도적고산궤리화지도합리시비,채용품충비교적방법,연구료초급조、만도품충적양분흡수화근계분포특성.결과표명,초급조、만도품충적양분흡수량평균분별위N 170.04、224.90 kg/hm~2,P 21.97、39.88kg/hm~2,K 107.48、144.47 kg/hm~2,균고우대조.생육중기(수분화지추수)적양분흡수량여산량밀절상관.생산100kg도곡소수요적양분교대조저10%좌우.초급조、만도품충근계발체,근량교대.추수후15 d(조도)혹20 d(만도)적근량여산량밀절상관,기중5-10 cm적근량여양분흡수총량밀절상관.설명생육중기교다적양분흡수화발체적근계시초급조、만도고산적중요원인.
In order to elucidate the mechanisms involved in high yield of rice and provide guidance for fertilization in rice farming, the characteristics of nutrient uptake and root distribution in both super early rice and super late rice were studied under field conditions. The average uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) was 170.04, 21.97 and 107.48 kg/ha, respectively, by super early rice, and was224.90, 39.88 and 144.47 kg/ha, respectively, by super late rice. Except for super early rice zhuliangyou819, the nutrient uptakes of super rice were higher than those of control rice cultivars. The total amount of nutrient uptakes from panicle differentiation to heading were positively correlated with the grain yield of super rice. Compared to the control cultivars, super rice had a larger root system and higher dry root weight, but the nutrient requirement for per 100 kg of grain production was 10% less. The dry root weights of super rice at 15 d or 20 d post-heading were positively correlated with grain yield. Furthermore, only the root weight in 5-10 cm deep soil exhibited significant correlation with super rice's nutrient uptake. In general, these observations suggest that a higher grain yield of super early and late rice is mainly due to the higher uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium from panicle differentiation to heading, and a larger root system.