CAJ | 학술논문

目的 Urocortin是最新发现的促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素（corticotropin releasing hormone，CRH）肽类家族在人类的一个新成员，体外实验已经证实了urocortin对人类的胎儿-胎盘循环有强大的扩血管作用。本研究旨在发现urocortin的产生、分布与分泌情况，以证实urocortin可能在妊娠中由局部组织产生并由此调节子宫-胎盘的血管张力。方法我们用免疫组化的方法检测了足月妊娠自发临产及自发未临产的子宫、胎盘、胎膜、脐带组织中的urocortin分布。用细胞培养免疫印迹法检测了胎膜细胞分泌urocortin的情况。用放射免疫的方法来检测了孕期母体外周血液循环中是否含有urocortin，并且用凝胶层析法检测从孕妇血浆中提取测得的urocortin是否与人工合成的urocortin标准品一致。结果具有免疫活性的urocortin分布在蜕膜的间质细胞、滋养层细胞、羊膜上皮细胞和子宫平滑肌内的血管平滑肌细胞，自发临产及自发未临产者无明显差别，其中urocortin在蜕膜的分布最多提示蜕膜可能是产生urocortin的主要部位。培养的蜕膜细胞中有40%含有urocortin，并且其中34%有基础状况下的分泌。从孕16周起孕妇的外周血中可测得urocortin但是其浓度并不随孕周的增加而改变。从孕妇血浆中提取测得的urocortin与人工合成的urocortin标准品具有相同的免疫活性及分子量。结论这一实验证实了在人类妊娠过程中urocortin由蜕膜细胞产生并分泌，在孕妇血浆中可测得urocortin，为urocortin由妊娠组织局部产生并调节子宫-胎盘血管张力的学说提供了实验基础。
목적 Urocortin시최신발현적촉신상선피질격소석방격소（corticotropin releasing hormone，CRH）태류가족재인류적일개신성원，체외실험이경증실료urocortin대인류적태인-태반순배유강대적확혈관작용。본연구지재발현urocortin적산생、분포여분비정황，이증실urocortin가능재임신중유국부조직산생병유차조절자궁-태반적혈관장력。 방법아문용면역조화적방법검측료족월임신자발임산급자발미임산적자궁、태반、태막、제대조직중적urocortin분포。용세포배양면역인적법검측료태막세포분비urocortin적정황。용방사면역적방법래검측료잉기모체외주혈액순배중시부함유urocortin，병차용응효층석법검측종잉부혈장중제취측득적urocortin시부여인공합성적urocortin표준품일치。 결과구유면역활성적urocortin분포재세막적간질세포、자양층세포、양막상피세포화자궁평활기내적혈관평활기세포，자발임산급자발미임산자무명현차별，기중urocortin재세막적분포최다제시세막가능시산생urocortin적주요부위。배양적세막세포중유40%함유urocortin，병차기중34%유기출상황하적분비。종잉16주기잉부적외주혈중가측득urocortin단시기농도병불수잉주적증가이개변。종잉부혈장중제취측득적urocortin여인공합성적urocortin표준품구유상동적면역활성급분자량。 결론저일실험증실료재인류임신과정중urocortin유세막세포산생병분비，재잉부혈장중가측득urocortin，위urocortin유임신조직국부산생병조절자궁-태반혈관장력적학설제공료실험기출。
Objective　To examine whether urocortin is produced locally to regulate utero-placental vascular tone during pregnancy. Methods　We examined the distribution of urocortin in human placenta, fetal membranes and uterine tissue at term in the presence and absence of labor using a urocortin antibody produced in our laboratory and the immunoperoxidase staining method. Subsequently, we tested urocortin secretion from chorio-decidual cells in vitro using an immunoblot technique. Then， we tested whether urocortin is present in maternal plasma throughout gestation using a radioimmunoassay. A Sephadex G-50 column was used to examine whether immunoreactive urocortin (IR-urocortin) in maternal plasma is the same as synthetic urocortin. Results　IR-urocortin was observed in vascular smooth muscle of myometrium decidual stromal cells, syncytiotrophoblast and amnion epithelium. No differences in staining intensity for urocortin were detected between tissues obtained in the absence or presence of labor. Staining intensity for IR-urocortin was greatest in the decidua, suggesting this may be the main site of urocortin production. Positive staining for urocortin was observed in 40% of chorio-decidual cells with 34% of these cells secreting urocortin under basal conditions. Urocortin was detectable in maternal plasma from 16 weeks gestation and concentrations did not change as gestation progressed. IR-urocortin in the maternal plasma eluted from a Sephadex G-50 column at the same site as synthetic urocortin and had a calculated retention co-efficient of 0.44. Conclusion　This study indicates that urocortin is produced by the decidua during human pregnancy and is detectable in maternal plasma. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that urocortin is produced locally by the decidua and may act to regulate utero-placental blood flow.