CAJ | 학술논문

医学地理研究由来已久,但地理学界血吸虫病医学地理研究相对薄弱,而且多是非地理专业人员在从事相应工作.本文首先从血吸虫病流行传播的机理出发,分析了血吸虫病医学地理的主要研究内容,认为钉螺滋生地与血吸虫病疫情的监测和预测是血吸虫病医学地理研究的主要内容;其次系统总结了气象气候因子、土壤植被因子、地貌高程因子、水文水力因子、人文经济因子对血吸虫生命史及其宿主的影响,并视其为血吸虫病医学地理研究的基础;然后同顾了近年国际、国内运用遥感、GIS技术和统计学方法(包括地统计学方法)进行钉螺滋生地与血吸虫病疫情确定的主要研究手段,归纳了7类钉螺滋生地预测方法和5类血吸虫病疫情预测方法:最后剖析了目前血吸虫病医学地理研究面临的主要挑战和未来血吸虫病医学地理研究努力方向.
의학지리연구유래이구,단지이학계혈흡충병의학지리연구상대박약,이차다시비지리전업인원재종사상응공작.본문수선종혈흡충병류행전파적궤리출발,분석료혈흡충병의학지리적주요연구내용,인위정라자생지여혈흡충병역정적감측화예측시혈흡충병의학지리연구적주요내용;기차계통총결료기상기후인자、토양식피인자、지모고정인자、수문수력인자、인문경제인자대혈흡충생명사급기숙주적영향,병시기위혈흡충병의학지리연구적기출;연후동고료근년국제、국내운용요감、GIS기술화통계학방법(포괄지통계학방법)진행정라자생지여혈흡충병역정학정적주요연구수단,귀납료7류정라자생지예측방법화5류혈흡충병역정예측방법:최후부석료목전혈흡충병의학지리연구면림적주요도전화미래혈흡충병의학지리연구노력방향.
Medical geography has a long research history, nonetheless schistosomiasis-medical geography is relatively laggard in the field of Geography, where a lot of study was made by non-geographical professionals. This paper first studied the basic connotation and the principal contents of Schistosomiasis-medical Geography according to the mechanism of schistosomiasis transmission. Monitoring and prediction of snail habitats and schistosomiasis epidemicity were regarded as the principal study contents of Schistosomiasis-medical Geography. Second, connection of geographical factor pairs of meteorology and climatology, soil and vegetation, geomorphology and altitude, hydrology and hydraulics, human and economic factor with the shistosome and its hosts were systematically summarized, which was deemed as the foundation of Schistosomiasis-medical Geography. Third, the key research means for determination and prediction of snail habitats and schistosomiasis epidemicity by remote sensing, GIS and statistics (including geo-statistics) were reviewed worldwide, 7 kinds of prediction methods for snail habitats and 5 kinds of prediction methods for schistosomiasis epidemicity were concluded. 7 kinds of prediction methods for snail habitats were interpretation and cartography of snail habitats, meteorologically based method, images-retrieved information based method, unsupervised classification based method, dynamic monitoring of snail habitats in periods of floods, relation between geographic factors and snail habitats based method, and knowledge driven fuzzy-classification method. 5 kinds of prediction methods for schistosomiasis epidemicity were cartography and spatial auto-relation analysis, schistosomiasis transmission index modeling at large scale, quantitative modeling of various life phases of shistosoma and their hosts, regressive relational analysis and Bayesian modeling between epidemicity and geographic factors, and relation study between epidemicity, snail habitats and contact index of infected waters. Finally this paper analyzed the main challenges and endeavor directions for Schistosomiasis-medical Geography in the future.