中国心理卫生杂志
中國心理衛生雜誌
중국심리위생잡지
CHINESE MENTAL HEALTH JOURNAL
2001年
2期
107-109
,共3页
精神病态度问卷调查
精神病態度問捲調查
정신병태도문권조사
目的:了解社会不同人群对精神病的态度。方法:采用定性研究方法建立精神病态度问卷,然后使用该问卷在北京地区对精神分裂症病人及其病人家属、社区居民和精神科医护人员进行调查。结果:病人认为精神病人不会给他人带来危险,对精神病人的社会价值和治疗希望持最积极态度;家属与病人的看法趋向一致,但对精神病人的可治疗性和社会贡献不乐观;与病人、家属比较,社区居民对精神病则持最悲观和最消极态度;精神科医护人员对精神病人的社会价值、行为的危险性以及是否要限制精神病人的社会活动等问题的看法,与病人、家属比更显悲观,但较社区居民的看法更开明。在精神病病因上精神科医护人员的看法与其他三组人群不同,更倾向于精神病是由生物因素导致,而非个人和家庭问题引起。结论:尽快实施有效的干预措施,改变人们对精神病的不良态度,消除歧视,提高病人、家属的自信心和适应能力,将会对精神病的治疗与康复,改善精神病人的生活质量有着重大意义。
目的:瞭解社會不同人群對精神病的態度。方法:採用定性研究方法建立精神病態度問捲,然後使用該問捲在北京地區對精神分裂癥病人及其病人傢屬、社區居民和精神科醫護人員進行調查。結果:病人認為精神病人不會給他人帶來危險,對精神病人的社會價值和治療希望持最積極態度;傢屬與病人的看法趨嚮一緻,但對精神病人的可治療性和社會貢獻不樂觀;與病人、傢屬比較,社區居民對精神病則持最悲觀和最消極態度;精神科醫護人員對精神病人的社會價值、行為的危險性以及是否要限製精神病人的社會活動等問題的看法,與病人、傢屬比更顯悲觀,但較社區居民的看法更開明。在精神病病因上精神科醫護人員的看法與其他三組人群不同,更傾嚮于精神病是由生物因素導緻,而非箇人和傢庭問題引起。結論:儘快實施有效的榦預措施,改變人們對精神病的不良態度,消除歧視,提高病人、傢屬的自信心和適應能力,將會對精神病的治療與康複,改善精神病人的生活質量有著重大意義。
목적:료해사회불동인군대정신병적태도。방법:채용정성연구방법건립정신병태도문권,연후사용해문권재북경지구대정신분렬증병인급기병인가속、사구거민화정신과의호인원진행조사。결과:병인인위정신병인불회급타인대래위험,대정신병인적사회개치화치료희망지최적겁태도;가속여병인적간법추향일치,단대정신병인적가치료성화사회공헌불악관;여병인、가속비교,사구거민대정신병칙지최비관화최소겁태도;정신과의호인원대정신병인적사회개치、행위적위험성이급시부요한제정신병인적사회활동등문제적간법,여병인、가속비경현비관,단교사구거민적간법경개명。재정신병병인상정신과의호인원적간법여기타삼조인군불동,경경향우정신병시유생물인소도치,이비개인화가정문제인기。결론:진쾌실시유효적간예조시,개변인문대정신병적불량태도,소제기시,제고병인、가속적자신심화괄응능력,장회대정신병적치료여강복,개선정신병인적생활질량유착중대의의。
Objective: To understand the attitudes about mental illnesses of different types of community members. Method: A questionnaire was first developed using qualitative methods and then administered to 225 schizophrenic patients, 230 family members of schizophrenic patients, 257 community residents and 283 psychiatrists and psychiatric nurses in Beijing. Result: Patients were most optimistic and community members were most pessimistic about mental illnesses; family members tend to be optimistic, but were less positive than patients about the social contribution and treatment prospects. Mental health professionals were more negative than patients and family members but less negative than community members about social contribution, dangerousness, and need to restrict the behavior of those mentally ill. Unlike the other three groups, mental health professionals were much more likely to attribute mental illnesses to biological factors and much less to consider personal or social causes. Conclusion: To improve patient's and family members' damaged self-esteem, to enhance compliance with treatment, and to maximize patients' social rehabilitation, it is essential to rapidly institute effective measures of decreasing negative attitudes about the mentally ill in the community.