CAJ | 학술논문

[目的]研究宁夏南部山区温室冬茬茄子产量的水、肥耦合模式,为宁夏南部山区设施农业蔬菜规范以及节本增效栽培提供参考.[方法]运用二次通用旋转组合设计,对影响宁夏南部山区日光温室冬茬茄子产量的主要栽培因素灌水量、施N量、旋K量进行了数学模拟.从移栽到开花灌水量为总灌水量的1/8;从开花到门茄形成灌水量为总灌水量1/8,以后为3/4;N肥与K肥1/4用作底肥,3/4追肥,P肥一次性做基肥.[结果]3因素对冬茬茄子产量作用效果明显,水分和钾素对茄子产量总体表现为负效应,氮素表现为正效应,3因素对茄子产量主效应影响大小顺序为钾素>氮素>水分;单因素效果表明当灌水量为小于8 520 m3/hm2时,随着灌水量的增加,茄子产量逐渐增加,当灌水量为8 520 m3/hm2时,产量最高,为159 253.5 kg/hm2,之后随着灌水量的增加,茄子产量逐渐下降;当施N量小于900 kg/hm2时,随着施N量的增加,茄子产量显著增加,当施N量为900 kg/hm2时,产量最高,为158 782.5 kg/hm2,之后随着施N量的增加,茄子产量逐渐下降;当施K量小于712 kg/hm2时,随着施K量的增加,茄子产量逐渐增加,当施K量为712 kg/hm2时,产量最高,为160 195.5 kg/hm2,之后随着施K量的增加,茄子产量显著下降.[结论]南部山区日光温室冬茬茄子产量大于151 105.5 kg/hm2时,3因素的推荐指标为灌水量7 500～8 000 m3/hm2,施N量900～950 kg/hm2,施K量850～900 kg/hm2.
[목적]연구저하남부산구온실동치가자산량적수、비우합모식,위저하남부산구설시농업소채규범이급절본증효재배제공삼고.[방법]운용이차통용선전조합설계,대영향저하남부산구일광온실동치가자산량적주요재배인소관수량、시N량、선K량진행료수학모의.종이재도개화관수량위총관수량적1/8;종개화도문가형성관수량위총관수량1/8,이후위3/4;N비여K비1/4용작저비,3/4추비,P비일차성주기비.[결과]3인소대동치가자산량작용효과명현,수분화갑소대가자산량총체표현위부효응,담소표현위정효응,3인소대가자산량주효응영향대소순서위갑소>담소>수분;단인소효과표명당관수량위소우8 520 m3/hm2시,수착관수량적증가,가자산량축점증가,당관수량위8 520 m3/hm2시,산량최고,위159 253.5 kg/hm2,지후수착관수량적증가,가자산량축점하강;당시N량소우900 kg/hm2시,수착시N량적증가,가자산량현저증가,당시N량위900 kg/hm2시,산량최고,위158 782.5 kg/hm2,지후수착시N량적증가,가자산량축점하강;당시K량소우712 kg/hm2시,수착시K량적증가,가자산량축점증가,당시K량위712 kg/hm2시,산량최고,위160 195.5 kg/hm2,지후수착시K량적증가,가자산량현저하강.[결론]남부산구일광온실동치가자산량대우151 105.5 kg/hm2시,3인소적추천지표위관수량7 500～8 000 m3/hm2,시N량900～950 kg/hm2,시K량850～900 kg/hm2.
[Objective] The research aimed to study the coupling model of water and fertilizer for the yield of winter eggplant in greenhouse in Ningxia southern mountain region and provide reference for the criteria and cost-saving cultivation of agriculture vegetables in Ningxia southern mountain region. [Method] By using quadratic general rotary unitized design, the mathematics simulation was made on the main cultivation factors (irrigated amount, N application amount, K application amount) that affected the greenhouse eggplant yield in winter cropping in Ningxia southern mountain region. [Result] Three cultivated factors had obvious effects on the eggplant yield in winter cropping and the water and K showed negative effects on the eggplant yield generally. And N showed the positive effect. The order of the influences of three factors on the eggplant yield was as: potassium>nitrogen>water. The single factor effect showed that the eggplant yield increased gradually with the irrigated amount when the irrigation amount was lower than 8 250 m3/hm2. When the irrigation amount was 8 250 m3/hm2, the eggplant yield was the highest, being 159 253.5 kg/hm2. And then the eggplant yield decreased gradually with the irrigated amount. When N application amount was lower than 900 kg/hm2, the eggplant yield increased significantly with the increase of N application amount. When N application amount was 900 kg/hm2, the eggplant yield was the highest, being 158 782.5 kg/hm2. And then the eggplant yield decreased gradually with N application amount. When K application amount was lower than 712.5 kg/hm2, the eggplant yield increased gradually with K application amount. When K application amount was 712.5 kg/hm2, the eggplant yield was the highest, being 160 195.5 kg/hm2. And then the eggplant yield decreased significantly with K application amount. [Conclusion] When the greenhouse eggplant yield in winter cropping in Ningxia southern mountain region, it was recommended that the irrigated amount was 7 500-8 000 m3/hm2, N application amount was 900-950 kg/hm2 and K application amount was 850-900 kg/hm2.