中华预防医学杂志
中華預防醫學雜誌
중화예방의학잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF
2010年
2期
128-133
,共6页
吕书红%田本淳%杨廷忠%陈定湾%池延花
呂書紅%田本淳%楊廷忠%陳定灣%池延花
려서홍%전본순%양정충%진정만%지연화
严重急性呼吸综合征%行为和行为机制%心理测定学%问卷调查%因素分析%统计学
嚴重急性呼吸綜閤徵%行為和行為機製%心理測定學%問捲調查%因素分析%統計學
엄중급성호흡종합정%행위화행위궤제%심리측정학%문권조사%인소분석%통계학
Severe acute respiratory syndrome%Behavior and behavior mechanisms%Psychometrics%Questionnaires%Factor analysis,statistical
目的 了解严重急性呼吸综合征(SARS)流行期间公众的知觉压力情况及其对健康相关行为的影响.方法 选择广州、太原和杭州三地,分层随机数字表法抽取城区居民、农村居民,以及建筑工人、服务行业人员、学校教职工共2532人开展回顾性调查.采用自制问卷调查测量对SARS的认知和行为,用中文版知觉压力量表(CPSS)测量人群知觉压力.EpiData 2.0软件录入,对CPSS的14个问题根据回答赋分,计算知觉压力测量值;用SPSS 11.5软件分析不同人口学特征及认知与健康危险压力发生率的关系,以及低压力状态(0～分)和中等压力状态(15～分)及危险压力状态下(25分以上)相关行为发生情况.结果 有效问卷2424份,有效率为95.7%(2424/2532);被调查者的CPSS测量值为0～49分[(22.7±6.8)分],M=24.0分.SARS期间处于健康危险性压力的人群占39.3%(953/2379).随着压力升高,调查对象饭前洗手、便后洗手、开窗通风、咳嗽打喷嚏时避开他人、运动行为的采纳频率依次降低.logistic回归显示,与认为SARS威胁程度一点不严重,对疫情一点不害怕,以及预防措施一点不了解相比,认为SARS威胁程度比较严重(β=0.41,Wald χ~2=4.84,P=0.03),对疫情不太害怕(β=0.50,Wald χ~2=6.69,P=0.01)、比较害怕(β=1.39,Wald χ~2=48.59,P=0.00)和非常害怕(β=1.77,Wald χ~2=53.59,P=0.00)以及对预防措施不太了解(β=0.74,Wald χ~2=4.48,P=0.03)、比较了解(β=-0.98,Wald χ~2=8.29,P=0.00)、非常了解(β=-1.18,Wald χ~2=10.66,P=0.00)对人群健康危险性压力发生率的作用具有统计学意义.结论 知觉压力测量值越大SARS流行期间相关健康行为采纳率越低.提高公众对突发事件的认知,提供良好的社会支持等措施可降低压力.
目的 瞭解嚴重急性呼吸綜閤徵(SARS)流行期間公衆的知覺壓力情況及其對健康相關行為的影響.方法 選擇廣州、太原和杭州三地,分層隨機數字錶法抽取城區居民、農村居民,以及建築工人、服務行業人員、學校教職工共2532人開展迴顧性調查.採用自製問捲調查測量對SARS的認知和行為,用中文版知覺壓力量錶(CPSS)測量人群知覺壓力.EpiData 2.0軟件錄入,對CPSS的14箇問題根據迴答賦分,計算知覺壓力測量值;用SPSS 11.5軟件分析不同人口學特徵及認知與健康危險壓力髮生率的關繫,以及低壓力狀態(0～分)和中等壓力狀態(15～分)及危險壓力狀態下(25分以上)相關行為髮生情況.結果 有效問捲2424份,有效率為95.7%(2424/2532);被調查者的CPSS測量值為0～49分[(22.7±6.8)分],M=24.0分.SARS期間處于健康危險性壓力的人群佔39.3%(953/2379).隨著壓力升高,調查對象飯前洗手、便後洗手、開窗通風、咳嗽打噴嚏時避開他人、運動行為的採納頻率依次降低.logistic迴歸顯示,與認為SARS威脅程度一點不嚴重,對疫情一點不害怕,以及預防措施一點不瞭解相比,認為SARS威脅程度比較嚴重(β=0.41,Wald χ~2=4.84,P=0.03),對疫情不太害怕(β=0.50,Wald χ~2=6.69,P=0.01)、比較害怕(β=1.39,Wald χ~2=48.59,P=0.00)和非常害怕(β=1.77,Wald χ~2=53.59,P=0.00)以及對預防措施不太瞭解(β=0.74,Wald χ~2=4.48,P=0.03)、比較瞭解(β=-0.98,Wald χ~2=8.29,P=0.00)、非常瞭解(β=-1.18,Wald χ~2=10.66,P=0.00)對人群健康危險性壓力髮生率的作用具有統計學意義.結論 知覺壓力測量值越大SARS流行期間相關健康行為採納率越低.提高公衆對突髮事件的認知,提供良好的社會支持等措施可降低壓力.
목적 료해엄중급성호흡종합정(SARS)류행기간공음적지각압력정황급기대건강상관행위적영향.방법 선택엄주、태원화항주삼지,분층수궤수자표법추취성구거민、농촌거민,이급건축공인、복무행업인원、학교교직공공2532인개전회고성조사.채용자제문권조사측량대SARS적인지화행위,용중문판지각압역량표(CPSS)측량인군지각압력.EpiData 2.0연건록입,대CPSS적14개문제근거회답부분,계산지각압력측량치;용SPSS 11.5연건분석불동인구학특정급인지여건강위험압력발생솔적관계,이급저압력상태(0～분)화중등압력상태(15～분)급위험압력상태하(25분이상)상관행위발생정황.결과 유효문권2424빈,유효솔위95.7%(2424/2532);피조사자적CPSS측량치위0～49분[(22.7±6.8)분],M=24.0분.SARS기간처우건강위험성압력적인군점39.3%(953/2379).수착압력승고,조사대상반전세수、편후세수、개창통풍、해수타분체시피개타인、운동행위적채납빈솔의차강저.logistic회귀현시,여인위SARS위협정도일점불엄중,대역정일점불해파,이급예방조시일점불료해상비,인위SARS위협정도비교엄중(β=0.41,Wald χ~2=4.84,P=0.03),대역정불태해파(β=0.50,Wald χ~2=6.69,P=0.01)、비교해파(β=1.39,Wald χ~2=48.59,P=0.00)화비상해파(β=1.77,Wald χ~2=53.59,P=0.00)이급대예방조시불태료해(β=0.74,Wald χ~2=4.48,P=0.03)、비교료해(β=-0.98,Wald χ~2=8.29,P=0.00)、비상료해(β=-1.18,Wald χ~2=10.66,P=0.00)대인군건강위험성압력발생솔적작용구유통계학의의.결론 지각압력측량치월대SARS류행기간상관건강행위채납솔월저.제고공음대돌발사건적인지,제공량호적사회지지등조시가강저압력.
Objective To find out the perceived stress in general public during prevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and its impact on health behavior. Methods A retrospective survey was conducted in Guangzhou, Hangzhou, and Taiyuan according to the epidemic situations of SARS, and 2532 subjects were randomly selected from constructive industry, school, and commercial business and residents in urban and rural areas. The perceive stress was measured by Chinese perceived stress scale (CPSS), and health related behavior during SARS was tested by uniform and self-made questionnaire. EpiData 2. 0 was used for data management and CPSS value was calculated according to answer to 14 questions contained in the scale. Health risk stress among different population group and health related behavior among low, medium and high stress state were analyzed by SPSS 11.5. Results 2424 subjects were involved in the survey. The CPSS value was measured from 0 -49(22.7±6. 8) ,M =24. 0. 39.3% (953/2379) subjects were under the health risk stress. The health related behaviors such as washing hands, opening the window for air, keeping away from others when cough and sneeze,doing exercises etc were reduced with the stress increased. Logistic regression indicated that compared with the persons with the thoughts of nothing serious of SARS,without any dread of SARS,and knowing nothing about prevention of SARS,the perceived stress was significantly related with perceiving of the thread to certain extent (β = 0. 41, Wald χ~2 = 4. 84, P = 0. 03), worrying little about the epidemic (β = 0. 50, Wald χ~2 = 6. 69, P = 0. 01), worrying about it to certain extent (β= 1.39, Wald χ~2 = 48. 59 ,P = 0. 00)and scared so much (β = 1.77, Wald χ~2= 53.59, P = 0. 00), and knowing little about the prevention(β = 0. 74, Wald χ~2 = 4. 48, P = 0. 03), knowing something about prevention (β = - 0. 98, Wald χ~2 = 8. 29, P = 0. 00) and knowing the prevention very well (β = - 1.18, Wald χ~2 = 10. 66,P = 0. 00). Conclusion The adoption of health related behaviors declined with increase of perceived stress. Opening connection to authority and government, enhancing the awareness of outburst affairs among general public and providing positive social support may be effective ways to reduce the population perceived stress.
