CAJ | 학술논문

在侧风作用下,高速列车的空气动力学性能发生显著改变.基于三维定常可压缩流动的N-S方程,采用SST k-ω两方程湍流模型和有限体积法,对某型高速列车以350 km/h的速度在25 m/s侧风环境中运行的流场结构和气动力进行了数值模拟计算,分析了不同风向角的侧风对列车全车,以及受电弓、转向架和风挡等局部区域的作用.结果表明:在侧风作用下,列车的周围包括转向架处均产生复杂的涡流,压力分布十分复杂,转向架对流场的影响不容忽视;随着风向角(0～90°)的增大,侧向力系数及倾覆力矩系数也增大,列车倾覆及脱轨的风险性增加,且头车的倾覆力矩系数远大于中间车和尾车的倾覆力矩系数,应注重对头车的气动性能研究.
재측풍작용하,고속열차적공기동역학성능발생현저개변.기우삼유정상가압축류동적N-S방정,채용SST k-ω량방정단류모형화유한체적법,대모형고속열차이350 km/h적속도재25 m/s측풍배경중운행적류장결구화기동력진행료수치모의계산,분석료불동풍향각적측풍대열차전차,이급수전궁、전향가화풍당등국부구역적작용.결과표명:재측풍작용하,열차적주위포괄전향가처균산생복잡적와류,압력분포십분복잡,전향가대류장적영향불용홀시;수착풍향각(0～90°)적증대,측향력계수급경복력구계수야증대,열차경복급탈궤적풍험성증가,차두차적경복력구계수원대우중간차화미차적경복력구계수,응주중대두차적기동성능연구.
The aerodynamic performance of high-speed train will significant change under the action of the side wind. Flow around a certain high-speed train with 350 km/h under the influence of a crosswind with 25 m/s has been studied by numerical technique. To compute the different flow structures numerically, the three-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations, combined with the standard SST k-ω turbulence model, were solved on a multi-block structured grid using a finite volume technique. The impact of different wind direction angle of the side wind on the whole train, pantograph, bogies and inter-car gaps was analysed. The resulting flow fields show that complex vortex and pressure distribution generate around the train and bogies, so the bogies can not be ignored. The Lateral force coefficient and overturning moment coefficients increase with the increasing wind direction angle, and the risk of the train overturned and derailment increase too. Moreover, the overturning moment coefficients of the head train is much larger than the middle and the tail train, so, the research of the aerodynamic performance of the head train should be attended.