中国人口·资源与环境
中國人口·資源與環境
중국인구·자원여배경
CHINA POPULATION RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT
2010年
1期
99-107
,共9页
农业面源污染%农业面源污染控制%农业面源污染研究综述%农业面源污染控制政策
農業麵源汙染%農業麵源汙染控製%農業麵源汙染研究綜述%農業麵源汙染控製政策
농업면원오염%농업면원오염공제%농업면원오염연구종술%농업면원오염공제정책
agricultural non-point polhtion(ANPS)%management of ANTS%review of ANPS%policy of ANPS
太湖及其流域的水环境质量呈现严重恶化趋势,农业面源污染是太湖流域水体环境恶化的主要原因之一.论文通过文献分析,总结了太湖流域农业面源污染的影响因素、相应的治理措施以及农业面源污染控制的特点.结果表明:①虽然太湖流域典型区域的面源污染影响及排污系数的研究较多,但是着眼于太湖流域整体的农业面源污染负荷总量的研究并没有明确答案:②农业面源污染的治理技术研究较多,但将这些自然科学成果应用到实际的管理实践中的政策研究较少;③对农田面源污染的研究较多,对畜禽渔业养殖废弃物处理的研究比较薄弱,并且两者没有很好地结合起来进行研究;④虽然已经有了一些关于农业面源污染控制管理的讨论,但缺乏管理实施标准的研究;⑤围绕农业面源污染治理的主要手段都与农户行为有关,例如土地利用方式、耕作方式等,但现在很少有从环境污染主体即农户行为的角度去研究如何减少环境污染.
太湖及其流域的水環境質量呈現嚴重噁化趨勢,農業麵源汙染是太湖流域水體環境噁化的主要原因之一.論文通過文獻分析,總結瞭太湖流域農業麵源汙染的影響因素、相應的治理措施以及農業麵源汙染控製的特點.結果錶明:①雖然太湖流域典型區域的麵源汙染影響及排汙繫數的研究較多,但是著眼于太湖流域整體的農業麵源汙染負荷總量的研究併沒有明確答案:②農業麵源汙染的治理技術研究較多,但將這些自然科學成果應用到實際的管理實踐中的政策研究較少;③對農田麵源汙染的研究較多,對畜禽漁業養殖廢棄物處理的研究比較薄弱,併且兩者沒有很好地結閤起來進行研究;④雖然已經有瞭一些關于農業麵源汙染控製管理的討論,但缺乏管理實施標準的研究;⑤圍繞農業麵源汙染治理的主要手段都與農戶行為有關,例如土地利用方式、耕作方式等,但現在很少有從環境汙染主體即農戶行為的角度去研究如何減少環境汙染.
태호급기류역적수배경질량정현엄중악화추세,농업면원오염시태호류역수체배경악화적주요원인지일.논문통과문헌분석,총결료태호류역농업면원오염적영향인소、상응적치리조시이급농업면원오염공제적특점.결과표명:①수연태호류역전형구역적면원오염영향급배오계수적연구교다,단시착안우태호류역정체적농업면원오염부하총량적연구병몰유명학답안:②농업면원오염적치리기술연구교다,단장저사자연과학성과응용도실제적관리실천중적정책연구교소;③대농전면원오염적연구교다,대축금어업양식폐기물처리적연구비교박약,병차량자몰유흔호지결합기래진행연구;④수연이경유료일사관우농업면원오염공제관리적토론,단결핍관리실시표준적연구;⑤위요농업면원오염치리적주요수단도여농호행위유관,례여토지이용방식、경작방식등,단현재흔소유종배경오염주체즉농호행위적각도거연구여하감소배경오염.
The water quality is in a deteriorating trend in the Taihu Lake and Taihu Basin, and the agricultural non-point pollution contributes a lot to it. According to the literature reviewed, the article analyzes the cause of non-point pollution and the corresponding measures. It shows that: ①Although there has been a lot of literature about impact and reason of the non-point pollution in typical regions, there is still not a definite answer to how much the agricultural non-point pollution load in Taihu Basinis. ②A lot of researches have been made on the appropriate technology to abate the non-point pollution, but there is still lack of researches on control and economic policy based on those natural scientific outcomes. ③A lot of researches have been made about farmland pollution, but there is still lack of study on treatment and resource utilization of excrement in breeding industry, and lack of the combination of the both sides to treat the pollution. ④A lot of discussions were focused on the management and control about the non-point pollution, but there is still lack of researches about the implementing standard. ⑤The major measures to treat non-point pollution having a close relation to household activity, however, there is few household activity-oriented researches on the pollution abatement.
