中华预防医学杂志
中華預防醫學雜誌
중화예방의학잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF
2012年
7期
631-634
,共4页
郭付爱%朱建良%何立新%赵子运%张红军%李亚楠
郭付愛%硃建良%何立新%趙子運%張紅軍%李亞楠
곽부애%주건량%하립신%조자운%장홍군%리아남
肺,结核%接触者追踪%队列研究
肺,結覈%接觸者追蹤%隊列研究
폐,결핵%접촉자추종%대렬연구
Tuberculosis,pulmonary%Contact tracing%Cohort studies
目的 了解涂阳肺结核患者密切接触者的结核病发病情况.方法 以2007-2008年石家庄市新确诊涂阳肺结核患者6653例为线索,根据其生活和活动范围确定其密切接触者19 159名为研究对象,其中家属17 334名、同班同学1825名.对其进行结核病相关知识和政策的健康教育和结核筛查,对同学关系的密切接触者进行结核菌素试验,可疑者进行胸部X线检查；对家庭密切接触者进行症状筛查,可疑者进行痰涂片和胸部X线检查.对未发病者进行症状随访观察,自涂阳患者确诊之日始共2年,每月1次,有症状者随时进行检查.结果 随访观察2年内,共确诊肺结核患者281例,家属176例,非家属105例.肺结核发病率为1466.67/10万,其中涂阳22例.14～25、75～岁组发病率最高,分别为2907.18/10万(83/2855)、2650.96/10万(18/679).从发病时间看,与涂阳患者密切接触6个月内、13～18个月各有一个高峰,发病率分别为929.07/10万(178/19 159)、369.12/10万(70/18 964).从接触密切程度看,同宿舍、同班同学及夫妻关系发病率最高,分别为11 384.62/10万(37/325)、4533.33/10万(68/1500)、1624.17/10万(86/5295).结论 密切接触者与涂阳肺结核患者接触越密切发病率越高,发病时间主要集中在接触6个月内、13 ～ 18个月,且14 ～25岁和75岁以上年龄组发病率较高.
目的 瞭解塗暘肺結覈患者密切接觸者的結覈病髮病情況.方法 以2007-2008年石傢莊市新確診塗暘肺結覈患者6653例為線索,根據其生活和活動範圍確定其密切接觸者19 159名為研究對象,其中傢屬17 334名、同班同學1825名.對其進行結覈病相關知識和政策的健康教育和結覈篩查,對同學關繫的密切接觸者進行結覈菌素試驗,可疑者進行胸部X線檢查；對傢庭密切接觸者進行癥狀篩查,可疑者進行痰塗片和胸部X線檢查.對未髮病者進行癥狀隨訪觀察,自塗暘患者確診之日始共2年,每月1次,有癥狀者隨時進行檢查.結果 隨訪觀察2年內,共確診肺結覈患者281例,傢屬176例,非傢屬105例.肺結覈髮病率為1466.67/10萬,其中塗暘22例.14～25、75～歲組髮病率最高,分彆為2907.18/10萬(83/2855)、2650.96/10萬(18/679).從髮病時間看,與塗暘患者密切接觸6箇月內、13～18箇月各有一箇高峰,髮病率分彆為929.07/10萬(178/19 159)、369.12/10萬(70/18 964).從接觸密切程度看,同宿捨、同班同學及伕妻關繫髮病率最高,分彆為11 384.62/10萬(37/325)、4533.33/10萬(68/1500)、1624.17/10萬(86/5295).結論 密切接觸者與塗暘肺結覈患者接觸越密切髮病率越高,髮病時間主要集中在接觸6箇月內、13 ～ 18箇月,且14 ～25歲和75歲以上年齡組髮病率較高.
목적 료해도양폐결핵환자밀절접촉자적결핵병발병정황.방법 이2007-2008년석가장시신학진도양폐결핵환자6653례위선색,근거기생활화활동범위학정기밀절접촉자19 159명위연구대상,기중가속17 334명、동반동학1825명.대기진행결핵병상관지식화정책적건강교육화결핵사사,대동학관계적밀절접촉자진행결핵균소시험,가의자진행흉부X선검사；대가정밀절접촉자진행증상사사,가의자진행담도편화흉부X선검사.대미발병자진행증상수방관찰,자도양환자학진지일시공2년,매월1차,유증상자수시진행검사.결과 수방관찰2년내,공학진폐결핵환자281례,가속176례,비가속105례.폐결핵발병솔위1466.67/10만,기중도양22례.14～25、75～세조발병솔최고,분별위2907.18/10만(83/2855)、2650.96/10만(18/679).종발병시간간,여도양환자밀절접촉6개월내、13～18개월각유일개고봉,발병솔분별위929.07/10만(178/19 159)、369.12/10만(70/18 964).종접촉밀절정도간,동숙사、동반동학급부처관계발병솔최고,분별위11 384.62/10만(37/325)、4533.33/10만(68/1500)、1624.17/10만(86/5295).결론 밀절접촉자여도양폐결핵환자접촉월밀절발병솔월고,발병시간주요집중재접촉6개월내、13 ～ 18개월,차14 ～25세화75세이상년령조발병솔교고.
Objective To analyze the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) in people who were in close contact with smear-positive TB patients.Methods A total of 19 159 subjects,including 17 334 family members and 1825 classmates of patients,in close contact with 6653 smear-positive TB patients in Shijiazhuang city from 2007 to 2008 were observed.All the classmates were tested by purified protein derivative(PPD) test and symptom screening,and all family members were screened by symptoms.All these subjects were trained with knowledge related to TB.The ones with positive PPD test and suspected TB symptoms were further examined by chest X-ray and sputum smear microscopy,and those without any symptom were followed up monthly throughout a two year period and were examined at any time if symptoms occurred.Results A total of 281 patients with pulmonary TB were diagnosed in 2 years,including 176 family members and 105 classmates in all close contacts.The smear-positive incidences were 1466.67/100 000.The incidences for 14 -25 years old group and more than 75 years old group were 2907.18/100 000(83/2855 ) and 2650.96/100 000(18/679),which were higher than those for other groups.Two higher incidences were related to close contact time periods of 6 months (929.07/100 000,178/19 159) and 13-18 months(369.12/100 000,70/18 964).Three highest incidences were observed in the roommates ( 11 384.62/ 100 000,37/325 ),classmates ( 4533.33/100 000,68/1500 ) and couples ( 1624.17/100 000,86/5295 ).Conclusion Closer contact with smear-positive patients with TB may result in the higher chance of TB.Close contact for 6 months or 13 to 18 months caused more patients,and the 14 -25 years old group and more than 75 years old group had higher incidences of TB.
