CAJ | 학술논문

微微型真核生物在海洋中广泛存在,是初级生产力的重要贡献者,也是微食物环的重要组成部分.由于微微型真核生物形体微小且不同种类缺乏明显形态学特点,故而难以利用电镜等传统方法精确研究其系统发生关系和种类组成.运用分子生物学技术直接对微微型真核生物种类组成进行研究已成为微微型真核生物多样性研究的重要方法.本文概述了目前世界范围内的微微型真核生物分子多样性研究进展以及我国在该领域中的研究状况.综述了微微型真核生物分子多样性研究中常用的靶标基因,包括18S rDNA和ITS序列等真核生物保守基因及psbA和rbcL等功能基因;常用的分子生物学方法,如克隆文库构建、DGGE/TGGE、PCR-RFLP/T-RFLP、FISH、宏基因组等;以及目前研究方法中存在的一些问题.
미미형진핵생물재해양중엄범존재,시초급생산력적중요공헌자,야시미식물배적중요조성부분.유우미미형진핵생물형체미소차불동충류결핍명현형태학특점,고이난이이용전경등전통방법정학연구기계통발생관계화충류조성.운용분자생물학기술직접대미미형진핵생물충류조성진행연구이성위미미형진핵생물다양성연구적중요방법.본문개술료목전세계범위내적미미형진핵생물분자다양성연구진전이급아국재해영역중적연구상황.종술료미미형진핵생물분자다양성연구중상용적파표기인,포괄18S rDNA화ITS서렬등진핵생물보수기인급psbA화rbcL등공능기인;상용적분자생물학방법,여극륭문고구건、DGGE/TGGE、PCR-RFLP/T-RFLP、FISH、굉기인조등;이급목전연구방법중존재적일사문제.
Picoeukaryotes are widely distributed in marine ecosystems. They play crucial roles in primary productivity and constitute one of the essential components of the microbial food webs. Because of their small size and the lack of morphological characteristics to be identified, traditional approaches such as electron microscopy can hardly be used in the study of microeukaryotic diversity. However, molecular biological approach has shed light in this area and has become an essential research method in the study of microeukaryotic diversity in the past decade. We generalized the present results of the molecular diversity study of marine picoeukaryotes and especially pointed out the study results in China and reviewed the target genes commonly used in the area, including conserved genes such as 18S rDNA, ITS regions and functional genes such as psbA, rbcL;the molecular biological methods such as clone library, DGGE, TGGE, PCR-RFLP, T-RFLP, FISH and metagenomics;the problems in the study of marine microeukaryotic diversity;and our study of microeukaryotic diversity in the North Yellow Sea.