CAJ | 학술논문

目的分析在校小学生身体活动模式,以及社会经济地位(SES)与身体活动的关系.方法选择北京市海淀区8所小学2～5年级学生共1502人,使用"7天回顾性身体活动问卷",了解儿童日常身体活动状况.结果广播体操/伸展运动、跑步、游戏、走队列等活动是小学生常见的校内活动,比例分别为94.13%、85.55%、77.26%、71.32%;劳动、游戏、跑步、散步等活动是常见的校外活动,比例分别为72.14%、69.70%、65.05%、64.64%;而小学生中参加球类运动的较少.与SES低的学生相比,SES高的学生在校内参加舞蹈、上下楼梯的比例较高,踢毽子、跳绳的比例较低,而在校外参加滑雪/滑冰/轮滑、上下楼梯、游泳的比例较高,散步、跳绳、踢毽子、跳皮筋的比例较低(P＜0.05).结论中国小学生身体活动既存在数量性不足,也存在结构性不足(即趣味性强的运动普及程度低).除年龄、性别外,家庭SES也是影响小学生参加身体活动的重要因素.
목적 분석재교소학생신체활동모식,이급사회경제지위(SES)여신체활동적관계.방법 선택북경시해정구8소소학2～5년급학생공1502인,사용"7천회고성신체활동문권",료해인동일상신체활동상황.결과 엄파체조/신전운동、포보、유희、주대렬등활동시소학생상견적교내활동,비례분별위94.13%、85.55%、77.26%、71.32%;노동、유희、포보、산보등활동시상견적교외활동,비례분별위72.14%、69.70%、65.05%、64.64%;이소학생중삼가구류운동적교소.여SES저적학생상비,SES고적학생재교내삼가무도、상하루제적비례교고,척건자、도승적비례교저,이재교외삼가활설/활빙/륜활、상하루제、유영적비례교고,산보、도승、척건자、도피근적비례교저(P＜0.05).결론 중국소학생신체활동기존재수량성불족,야존재결구성불족(즉취미성강적운동보급정도저).제년령、성별외,가정SES야시영향소학생삼가신체활동적중요인소.
Objective To study the daily physical activity patterns of pupils in Beijing, and to identify the association between the socioeconomic status (SES) and physical activities. Methods 1502 pupils were recruited from 2-5 grades of eight primary schools in Beijing. Information on physical activity, sedentary activity, and transportation styles inside and outside schools were collected using a "7-day physical activity questionnaire". Results Gymnastics, running, playing games, walking in queues etc. Were the most common activities at school, with the proportion as 94.13%, 85.55%, 77.26%, and 71.32% respectively. Physical labor, playing games, running and walking were the common activities outside schools, with the proportion as 72.14%, 69.70%,65.05%, and 64.64% respectively. However, pupils seldom participated in the ball games. Significant differences between SES groups were observed on the patterns of both physical and sedentary activities. Compared to low-SES pupils, high-SES pupils more frequently participated in dancing, walking upstairs or downstairs, swimming, skating, but less frequently (P＜0.05) in walking, rope skipping, kicking shuttlecock or rubber band skipping. Conclusion Data from our study showed that both the quantity and the distribution of different activities did not meet the need of the Chinese children. Physical activity in association with SES was also demonstrated.