CAJ | 학술논문

目的评价健康教育干预防治碘缺乏病(IDD)效果,为防治工作提供参考依据.方法 2007年在贵州省从江县选择3个乡,每个乡选择1个村作为试点村,对每所村小学3～6年级全体学生和全体村民进行IDD知识的健康教育,时间为10个月.在健康教育前、后,每个村选择小学3～6年级全体学生和30名家庭主妇,调查IDD防治知识知晓情况和食用食盐情况,同时再调查每村1个食盐零售点的粗盐和精细盐的销售情况.结果实施健康教育后,学生、家庭主妇的IDD防治知识知晓率分别为91.4%(581/636)和78.3%(282/360),较干预前28.2%(184/652)和11.4%(41/360)显著提高(χ2值分别为532.044,326.117,P均<0.01);精致细盐的食用比例干预后分别为91.8%(146/159)和95.6%(86/90),较干预前6.1%(10/163)和7.8%(7/90)显著提高(χ2分别为236.623,135.350,P均<0.01);试点村零售点销售精细盐比例为60.0%(900/1500),较干预前10.0%(150/1500)明显提高(χ2=824.176,P<0.01).结论健康教育与健康促进是做好IDD防治上作的基础,通过健康教育,提高了试点村学生、家庭主妇防治IDD的积极性和主动性,形成了良好的生活、卫生习惯,达到了预期效果.
목적 평개건강교육간예방치전결핍병(IDD)효과,위방치공작제공삼고의거.방법 2007년재귀주성종강현선택3개향,매개향선택1개촌작위시점촌,대매소촌소학3～6년급전체학생화전체촌민진행IDD지식적건강교육,시간위10개월.재건강교육전、후,매개촌선택소학3～6년급전체학생화30명가정주부,조사IDD방치지식지효정황화식용식염정황,동시재조사매촌1개식염령수점적조염화정세염적소수정황.결과 실시건강교육후,학생、가정주부적IDD방치지식지효솔분별위91.4%(581/636)화78.3%(282/360),교간예전28.2%(184/652)화11.4%(41/360)현저제고(χ2치분별위532.044,326.117,P균<0.01);정치세염적식용비례간예후분별위91.8%(146/159)화95.6%(86/90),교간예전6.1%(10/163)화7.8%(7/90)현저제고(χ2분별위236.623,135.350,P균<0.01);시점촌령수점소수정세염비례위60.0%(900/1500),교간예전10.0%(150/1500)명현제고(χ2=824.176,P<0.01).결론 건강교육여건강촉진시주호IDD방치상작적기출,통과건강교육,제고료시점촌학생、가정주부방치IDD적적겁성화주동성,형성료량호적생활、위생습관,체도료예기효과.
Objective To evaluate the effect of health education in controlling the iodine deficiency diserders(IDD) in order to provide reference data for the further prevention and control. Methods Each village of 3 towns in Congjiang County was selected in 2007, where the health education lasting for 10 months had been implemented in the school students of 3-6 grade and the villagers. The school students of 3-6 grade and 30 housewives in the villagers were investigated for their IDD control knowledge, the salt consuming conditions as well as the sales of both rough and fine salt at a salt retail site in each village before and after the health education was implemented. Results The awareness rate of the knowledge of IDD control in the students and housewives was 91.4% (581/636) and 78.3% (282/360), respectively after intervention, which significantly increased (χ2= 532.044, 326.117, both P < 0.01) compared with the rate of 28.2% (184/652) and 11.4% (41/360) before intervention. The proportion of consuming fine salt was 91.8%(146/159) and 95.6%(86/90), significantly inereased(χ2= 236.623, 135.350, both P < 0.01) compared with 6.1%(10/163) and 7.8% (7/90) found before intervention. The selling proportion of fine salt at the salt retail site in the village was 60.0%(900/1500), significantly increased(χ2= 824.176, P < 0.01) compared with 10.0%(150/1500) before intervention. Conclusions Health education and promotion is solid foundation for effectively controlling IDD, through which the students and villagers are actively and voluntarily involved in the program and hence have formed good living and hygiene habits, thus expected effect has been obtained.