CAJ | 학술논문

古建油饰彩画中颜料成分的分析鉴定是古建维修、保护的重要基础工作.文章利用X射线荧光分析、X射线衍射分析、扫描电镜-能谱分析技术,首次系统地分析检测了来自北京、山西、甘肃等中国北方地区的27个古建油饰彩画中的绿色颜料.结果表明,其中15个样品使用了巴黎绿这种含铜、砷的人工合成颜料,其余样品未检测出矿物颜料,显色成分应为人工合成的有机物.在所有分析样品中未检测到古代常用的绿色颜料石绿和氯铜矿的存在.该研究工作开辟了光谱分析技术应用于古建油饰彩画颜料鉴定的新领域,为该类文物分析鉴定、修复材料的选择提供了科学数据.
고건유식채화중안료성분적분석감정시고건유수、보호적중요기출공작.문장이용X사선형광분석、X사선연사분석、소묘전경-능보분석기술,수차계통지분석검측료래자북경、산서、감숙등중국북방지구적27개고건유식채화중적록색안료.결과표명,기중15개양품사용료파려록저충함동、신적인공합성안료,기여양품미검측출광물안료,현색성분응위인공합성적유궤물.재소유분석양품중미검측도고대상용적록색안료석록화록동광적존재.해연구공작개벽료광보분석기술응용우고건유식채화안료감정적신영역,위해류문물분석감정、수복재료적선택제공료과학수거.
It is important to identify pigments of painting and colored drawing in ancient architectures in order to restore and conserve them.The components of green pigments were detected with X-ray diffraction(XRD),X-ray fluorescence(XRF)and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray(SEM-EDX).Twenty-seven samples were collected from painting and colored drawing in northern Chinese ancient architectures in Beijing,Shanxi province and Gansu province.The experiment results showed that emerald green[CuCH_3COO] _2·Cu(AsO_2) _2],a complex of copper aceto--arsenite pigment,had been used as the colored component in fifteen samples,whereas organic materials synthesized in the rest.However,in all samples there were no malachite and atacamite,green pigments commonly used in ancient time a long time ago.These two pigments have been found in Qin Shihuang's Terracotta Army and the wall paintings at Mogao Grettoes,Dunhuang,and some other famous wall paintings and color pottery figurines.However,emerald green was used many years later.It was reported that emerald green was synthesized by Germany in 1814 and had been widely used in China as watercolor on pith paper works and on scroll paintings since the 1850s.Because painting and colored drawing in ancient architectures stands outside,under sunlight and rain,it must be repaired and repainted in less than fifty years.Therefore,it is not surprising that emerald green was used in them.In recent years,artificial organic materials are increasingly used in painting and colored drawing in ancient architectures.From experiments it was also showed that in the same recolored painting and colored drawing,organic materials are usually in the later layers,but emerald green is in the earlier layers.This work supplies a lot of data for the purpose of selecting restoration materials and identifying painting and colored drawing in ancient architectures with a new method.