目的 观察低氟砖茶的人群干预效果,为饮茶型地方性氟中毒的预防控制提供参考.方法 在甘肃省阿克塞县饮茶型地方性氟中毒霞病区.选取有5～12岁儿童的哈萨克族家庭86户,分成两组:46户为干预组,投放低氟砖茶;40户为对照组,仍饮普通砖茶.在干预前及干预期间,监测干预组、对照组饮水、茶水、砖茶、尿的含氟量,通过茶水含氟量计算干预组、对照组成人和儿童日均总摄氟量;干预前对8～15岁在校哈萨克族儿童进行氟斑牙患病情况基线调查,干预结束后对干预组、对照组儿童进行氟斑牙检查.饮水、茶水、砖茶及尿液样品含氟量测定采用离子选择电极法,氟斑牙诊断采用Dean法.结果 干预前、干预42个月时,居民饮水含氟量分别为0.36、0.50 mg/L.成人及儿童日总摄氟量,干预组(成人:4.39、5.12、5.38、4.49 mg,儿童:1.90、2.23、2.33、1.94 mg),明显低于对照组(成人:8.42、9.07、8.35、7.92,儿童:3.65、3.93、3.62、3.43 mg).监测低氟砖茶、市售砖茶各4批,4批低氟砖茶平均含氟量除第2批(530.4 mg/kg)较高外、其余3批(239.3、222.88、154.7mg/kg)均低于市售砖茶(366.9、412.2、286.0、379.6 mg/kg),4批共21份低氟茶样中有16份含氟量符合茶氟国家标准(<300 mg/kg),合格率为76.19%(16/21),4批市售砖茶21份茶样只有5份合格,合格率为23.80%(5/21),两组比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=11.52,P<0.01).干预12、36、42个月时,干预组成人(1.84、1.23、1.77 mg/L)和儿童尿氟(1.55、0.65、1.10 mg/L)均低于对照组(成人:3.37、3.68、3.02 mg/L,儿童:2.64、1.64、2.62mg/L),二者比较差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为2.94、2.43,3.91、3.29,2.31、4.42,P<0.01或<0.05).儿童氟斑牙基线调查的检}H率为69.02%(127/184),干预后干预组儿童氟斑牙检出率[44.83%(13/29)]明显低于对照组[71.88%(23/32);χ2=4.60,P<0.05].结论 饮低氟砖茶可降低饮砖茶人群总氟摄入量,减轻机体氟负荷和高氟危害.
目的 觀察低氟磚茶的人群榦預效果,為飲茶型地方性氟中毒的預防控製提供參攷.方法 在甘肅省阿剋塞縣飲茶型地方性氟中毒霞病區.選取有5～12歲兒童的哈薩剋族傢庭86戶,分成兩組:46戶為榦預組,投放低氟磚茶;40戶為對照組,仍飲普通磚茶.在榦預前及榦預期間,鑑測榦預組、對照組飲水、茶水、磚茶、尿的含氟量,通過茶水含氟量計算榦預組、對照組成人和兒童日均總攝氟量;榦預前對8～15歲在校哈薩剋族兒童進行氟斑牙患病情況基線調查,榦預結束後對榦預組、對照組兒童進行氟斑牙檢查.飲水、茶水、磚茶及尿液樣品含氟量測定採用離子選擇電極法,氟斑牙診斷採用Dean法.結果 榦預前、榦預42箇月時,居民飲水含氟量分彆為0.36、0.50 mg/L.成人及兒童日總攝氟量,榦預組(成人:4.39、5.12、5.38、4.49 mg,兒童:1.90、2.23、2.33、1.94 mg),明顯低于對照組(成人:8.42、9.07、8.35、7.92,兒童:3.65、3.93、3.62、3.43 mg).鑑測低氟磚茶、市售磚茶各4批,4批低氟磚茶平均含氟量除第2批(530.4 mg/kg)較高外、其餘3批(239.3、222.88、154.7mg/kg)均低于市售磚茶(366.9、412.2、286.0、379.6 mg/kg),4批共21份低氟茶樣中有16份含氟量符閤茶氟國傢標準(<300 mg/kg),閤格率為76.19%(16/21),4批市售磚茶21份茶樣隻有5份閤格,閤格率為23.80%(5/21),兩組比較差異有統計學意義(χ2=11.52,P<0.01).榦預12、36、42箇月時,榦預組成人(1.84、1.23、1.77 mg/L)和兒童尿氟(1.55、0.65、1.10 mg/L)均低于對照組(成人:3.37、3.68、3.02 mg/L,兒童:2.64、1.64、2.62mg/L),二者比較差異均有統計學意義(t值分彆為2.94、2.43,3.91、3.29,2.31、4.42,P<0.01或<0.05).兒童氟斑牙基線調查的檢}H率為69.02%(127/184),榦預後榦預組兒童氟斑牙檢齣率[44.83%(13/29)]明顯低于對照組[71.88%(23/32);χ2=4.60,P<0.05].結論 飲低氟磚茶可降低飲磚茶人群總氟攝入量,減輕機體氟負荷和高氟危害.
목적 관찰저불전다적인군간예효과,위음다형지방성불중독적예방공제제공삼고.방법 재감숙성아극새현음다형지방성불중독하병구.선취유5～12세인동적합살극족가정86호,분성량조:46호위간예조,투방저불전다;40호위대조조,잉음보통전다.재간예전급간예기간,감측간예조、대조조음수、다수、전다、뇨적함불량,통과다수함불량계산간예조、대조조성인화인동일균총섭불량;간예전대8～15세재교합살극족인동진행불반아환병정황기선조사,간예결속후대간예조、대조조인동진행불반아검사.음수、다수、전다급뇨액양품함불량측정채용리자선택전겁법,불반아진단채용Dean법.결과 간예전、간예42개월시,거민음수함불량분별위0.36、0.50 mg/L.성인급인동일총섭불량,간예조(성인:4.39、5.12、5.38、4.49 mg,인동:1.90、2.23、2.33、1.94 mg),명현저우대조조(성인:8.42、9.07、8.35、7.92,인동:3.65、3.93、3.62、3.43 mg).감측저불전다、시수전다각4비,4비저불전다평균함불량제제2비(530.4 mg/kg)교고외、기여3비(239.3、222.88、154.7mg/kg)균저우시수전다(366.9、412.2、286.0、379.6 mg/kg),4비공21빈저불다양중유16빈함불량부합다불국가표준(<300 mg/kg),합격솔위76.19%(16/21),4비시수전다21빈다양지유5빈합격,합격솔위23.80%(5/21),량조비교차이유통계학의의(χ2=11.52,P<0.01).간예12、36、42개월시,간예조성인(1.84、1.23、1.77 mg/L)화인동뇨불(1.55、0.65、1.10 mg/L)균저우대조조(성인:3.37、3.68、3.02 mg/L,인동:2.64、1.64、2.62mg/L),이자비교차이균유통계학의의(t치분별위2.94、2.43,3.91、3.29,2.31、4.42,P<0.01혹<0.05).인동불반아기선조사적검}H솔위69.02%(127/184),간예후간예조인동불반아검출솔[44.83%(13/29)]명현저우대조조[71.88%(23/32);χ2=4.60,P<0.05].결론 음저불전다가강저음전다인군총불섭입량,감경궤체불부하화고불위해.
Objective To evaluate the intervention effects of low-fluoride brick tea in the population, and to provide data for the prevention and control of the brick-tea type fluorosis. Methods Eighty-six Kazakh families with 5-12 years old children were selected and divided into two groups in the severe brick-tea type fluorosis areas of Akesai County of Gansu Province. Forty-six households were intervened by drinking low-fluoride brick tea as intervention group and another 40 households drank general brick tea as control group. The fluoride content in water, tea and urine was monitored and the total daily fluoride intake of adults and children was calculated by the fluoride content of the tea before and during intervention. The baseline prevalence of dental fluorosis was surveyed in all Kazakh school students aged 5 - 12 years before intervention, dental fluorosis prevalence were surveyed in two groups after the intervention. The fluoride content in water, urine,tea, and brick-tea samples was detected by iron electrode method, and dental fluorosis was diagnosed by Dean's method. Results The fluoride content of water were 0.36,0.50 mg/L respectively before and 42 months after intervention. The total daily fluoride intake of adults and children in the intervention group (being 4.39,5.12,5.38,4.49 mg in adults and 1.90,2.33 in children, 2.33, 1.94 mg for four calculations) were lower than those in control group (8.42,9.07,8.35,7.92 and 3.65,3.93, 3.62,3.43 mg). Except the second batch (530.4 mg/kg), the average fluoride content of the other 3 batches of low-fluoride brick tea(239.3,222.88,154.7 mg/kg) was lower than that of 4 batches of market brick tea(366.9,412.2, 286.0,379.6 mg/kg). The fluoride content of low-fluoride brick tea samples was in accordance with the national standard(< 300 mg/kg) in 16 of 21 samples in 4 the batches, and the qualifying rate was 76.19%(16/21). Only 5 of 21 market brick tea samples in 4 batches was qualified, accounting for 23.80%(5/21), both were significantly different(χ2= 11.52, P < 0.01). In 12, 36, 42 months after intervention, urine fluoride content in the intervention group of adult(1.84,1.23,1.77 mg/L) and children(1.55,0.65,1.10 mg/L) was less than that of the control group (adults: 3.37,3.68,3.02 mg/L, children: 2.64,1.64,2.62 mg/L), both being statistically significant (t value were 2.94,2.43,3.91,3.29,2.31,4.42, P < 0.01 or 0.05). The detective rate of dental fluorosis was 69.02%(127/184)at baseline among children. After the intervention, it lowered to [44.83% (13/29) in the intervention group, significantly lower than that in the control group[71.88%(23/32), χ2 = 4.60, P < 0.05]. Conclusion Low-fluoride brick tea can reduce the fluoride intake of the residents who drink brick tea, and alleviate excessive fluoride and the damage of high-fluoride.
