CAJ | 학술논문

Tank模型可以模拟非线性的降雨-地下水运移过程,并且能迅速得到解答.基于现有的单列tank模型,提出新的复合水箱模型.由于新模型参数超过20个,应用传统优化算法难以快速找到最优解,一种新的启发式自搜索算法(变维数搜索算法)被引入并改进后用于模型最优解的寻找.变维数搜索算法能够根据搜索进程的变化自动改变搜索维数并且快速找到最优解.27个参数的复合tank模型被应用于日本国道九号线的一个边坡,计算结果表明:变维数搜索算法能够在10 min左右找到合适的最优解;降雨过程复合tank模型计算的地下水位变化和观测值非常接近.最后通过和有限单元法计算结果的比较表明,有限单元法的计算结果受地质渗透特性的影响很大,而复合tank模型不存在这种问题.工程实例计算表明,该方法和监测结果比较一致,但其适应性更强,特别适用于没有进行足够地质结构探查的边坡.它能够快速反映降雨过程中地下水位的运移过程,可以推广使用.
Tank모형가이모의비선성적강우-지하수운이과정,병차능신속득도해답.기우현유적단렬tank모형,제출신적복합수상모형.유우신모형삼수초과20개,응용전통우화산법난이쾌속조도최우해,일충신적계발식자수색산법(변유수수색산법)피인입병개진후용우모형최우해적심조.변유수수색산법능구근거수색진정적변화자동개변수색유수병차쾌속조도최우해.27개삼수적복합tank모형피응용우일본국도구호선적일개변파,계산결과표명:변유수수색산법능구재10 min좌우조도합괄적최우해;강우과정복합tank모형계산적지하수위변화화관측치비상접근.최후통과화유한단원법계산결과적비교표명,유한단원법적계산결과수지질삼투특성적영향흔대,이복합tank모형불존재저충문제.공정실례계산표명,해방법화감측결과비교일치,단기괄응성경강,특별괄용우몰유진행족구지질결구탐사적변파.타능구쾌속반영강우과정중지하수위적운이과정,가이추엄사용.
Tank model is a helpful tool for rainfall-groundwater-runoff analysis since it can represent a nonlinear transport behavior and get solutions very quickly. It is known that the successful application of one conceptual model mostly depends on how well its parameters can be calibrated. Recently,in many literatures,it is indicated that by use of existing calibration methods,the calibration process with many parameters(such as multi-tank model proposed in this paper has parameters over 20) is typically difficult,sometimes even impossible to obtain unique optimal parameters. A new random optimization approach called dynamically dimensioned search(DDS) algorithm is introduced and improved for parameters calibration of tank model. DDS is designed for calibration problems with many parameters,requires no complicated algorithm parameter to be adjusted,and automatically scales the search to find good solutions within the maximum model evaluations. Tank model with 27 parameters is applied to the actual case;and DDS algorithm is adopted to find optimal solutions. The calculated runoff roughly agrees with the measured values. Finally a comparison between finite element method(FEM) and tank model is conducted,which shows that during rainfall infiltration,the multi-tank model has advantages over FEM in the simulation process of predicting groundwater table. It is clarified that the multi-connected tank model is useful in groundwater table prediction of the basin especially when the slope stability analysis is necessary there.