四川大学学报(自然科学版)
四川大學學報(自然科學版)
사천대학학보(자연과학판)
JOURNAL OF SICHUAN UNIVERSITY
2000年
6期
924-929
,共6页
陈晓斌%曹有龙%贾勇炯%郭宏玲
陳曉斌%曹有龍%賈勇炯%郭宏玲
진효빈%조유룡%가용형%곽굉령
白肋烟%雄性不育性%细胞形态学%雄性不育系%保持系
白肋煙%雄性不育性%細胞形態學%雄性不育繫%保持繫
백륵연%웅성불육성%세포형태학%웅성불육계%보지계
burley tobacco(nicotina tobacum)%male sterility%cytomorphology%male sterileline%maintenance line
作者以白肋烟雄性不育系及其保持系为材料,从细胞形态学角度对雄性不育性作了较系统的研究,得出如下结果和结论:1.白肋烟雄性不育系雄性器官显著异常,表现为:①雄蕊原基根本不发生或发生后随着花器的发育完全退化消失,结果表现为完全无雄蕊;②有雄蕊原基发生,能形成雄蕊类似物,但都表现出显著畸变退化,形式多样,呈细丝状、短棒状、瓣状、类柱头状等,数目少于5个,并且极短于柱头.2.确定了不育系败育的时期和方式:不能形成正常的小孢子发生组织,根本无减数分裂过程发生,败育时期在小孢子母细胞形成期前后,为完全的结构性雄性不育类型.3.雄蕊的维管束显著异常,表现为雄蕊中完全不存在维管束结构,或者即使有维管束,但结构分化极为不良,雄蕊中严重缺乏淀粉粒等营养物质,是雄蕊退化和小孢子发生出现障碍的直接原因.
作者以白肋煙雄性不育繫及其保持繫為材料,從細胞形態學角度對雄性不育性作瞭較繫統的研究,得齣如下結果和結論:1.白肋煙雄性不育繫雄性器官顯著異常,錶現為:①雄蕊原基根本不髮生或髮生後隨著花器的髮育完全退化消失,結果錶現為完全無雄蕊;②有雄蕊原基髮生,能形成雄蕊類似物,但都錶現齣顯著畸變退化,形式多樣,呈細絲狀、短棒狀、瓣狀、類柱頭狀等,數目少于5箇,併且極短于柱頭.2.確定瞭不育繫敗育的時期和方式:不能形成正常的小孢子髮生組織,根本無減數分裂過程髮生,敗育時期在小孢子母細胞形成期前後,為完全的結構性雄性不育類型.3.雄蕊的維管束顯著異常,錶現為雄蕊中完全不存在維管束結構,或者即使有維管束,但結構分化極為不良,雄蕊中嚴重缺乏澱粉粒等營養物質,是雄蕊退化和小孢子髮生齣現障礙的直接原因.
작자이백륵연웅성불육계급기보지계위재료,종세포형태학각도대웅성불육성작료교계통적연구,득출여하결과화결론:1.백륵연웅성불육계웅성기관현저이상,표현위:①웅예원기근본불발생혹발생후수착화기적발육완전퇴화소실,결과표현위완전무웅예;②유웅예원기발생,능형성웅예유사물,단도표현출현저기변퇴화,형식다양,정세사상、단봉상、판상、류주두상등,수목소우5개,병차겁단우주두.2.학정료불육계패육적시기화방식:불능형성정상적소포자발생조직,근본무감수분렬과정발생,패육시기재소포자모세포형성기전후,위완전적결구성웅성불육류형.3.웅예적유관속현저이상,표현위웅예중완전불존재유관속결구,혹자즉사유유관속,단결구분화겁위불량,웅예중엄중결핍정분립등영양물질,시웅예퇴화화소포자발생출현장애적직접원인.
The male sterility resource of burley tobacco(Nicotina tabacum) was obtained from the male sterile offsprings of the distant hybridization in tobacco between “zhongyan 86”(flue-cured tobacco) and KY9(burley tobacco). The system studies on cytomorphology of male sterility in hurley tobacco were done. The results and conclusions are as the following: 1. In male sterile line of hurley tobacco, the male sexual organ was obviously abnormal: 1. stamens was completely absent in some flowers, resulted from stamen primordium deforming, or having formed stamen primordium, but thoroughly regressing during flower development; 2. stamens existed, but seriously distorted. They looked likefine thread, short stick, petal or stigma-like stucture, and were often much shorter than stigma. 2. Compared with cytomorphological study on anther development and microsporogensis in maintenance line, the stage and type of male abortion were identified in male sterile line. Since their anthers were either rudimentary and lacked microsporogensis issue or were absent, the male abortion happened at the stage of microspore mother cell forming, so the abortion type was completely structural male sterility. 3. The vascular bundle in stamen was clearly abnormal: some stamens had no structure of vascular bundle at all, in other cases, vascular bundle in stamens were very regressive. There was little nutrition substance such as starch grains in aberrant stamens, suggesting that the abnormality of vascular bundle was the direct reason of stamen regression and failure of microsporogensis.