CAJ | 학술논문

土壤铅、砷污染已成为重要的环境问题,并可对人体健康造成严重危害.对食物链途径的有效控制使得从口部无意摄入的土壤铅、砷对人体,特别是对儿童铅、砷摄入总量的贡献率越来越大,甚至成为主要来源.土壤中铅、砷直接进入人体的消化系统并可被人体胃肠道溶解出的部分称为其生物可给性.有效、准确地判定土壤中铅、砷的生物可给性已经成为解决儿童铅、砷中毒的关键科学问题.因此,有关土壤中铅、砷的生物可给性及其在人体健康风险评价中的应用受到了越来越多的关注.文章综述了污染土壤中铅、砷生物可给性的研究方法及各方法的优缺点,并从土壤性质、模拟胃肠条件等方面分析了影响土壤中铅、砷生物可给性的主要因素和存在的问题,还进一步论述了土壤中铅、砷生物可给性在人体健康风险评价中的应用.最后,提出了今后该领域应重点加强土壤铅、砷生物可给性的标准参考物、模拟胃肠条件的优化以及土壤铅、砷生物可给性在人体健康风险评价中的应用等方面的研究.以期充分发挥铅、砷等环境污染物的生物可给性研究方法的潜力,更好地为控制土壤污染、保护人类健康服务.
토양연、신오염이성위중요적배경문제,병가대인체건강조성엄중위해.대식물련도경적유효공제사득종구부무의섭입적토양연、신대인체,특별시대인동연、신섭입총량적공헌솔월래월대,심지성위주요래원.토양중연、신직접진입인체적소화계통병가피인체위장도용해출적부분칭위기생물가급성.유효、준학지판정토양중연、신적생물가급성이경성위해결인동연、신중독적관건과학문제.인차,유관토양중연、신적생물가급성급기재인체건강풍험평개중적응용수도료월래월다적관주.문장종술료오염토양중연、신생물가급성적연구방법급각방법적우결점,병종토양성질、모의위장조건등방면분석료영향토양중연、신생물가급성적주요인소화존재적문제,환진일보논술료토양중연、신생물가급성재인체건강풍험평개중적응용.최후,제출료금후해영역응중점가강토양연、신생물가급성적표준삼고물、모의위장조건적우화이급토양연、신생물가급성재인체건강풍험평개중적응용등방면적연구.이기충분발휘연、신등배경오염물적생물가급성연구방법적잠력,경호지위공제토양오염、보호인류건강복무.
Soil lead and arsenic contaminations have become important environmental problems and cause some threats to the health of humanbeing. Soil lead and arsenic enter human body not only mainly through food chains, but also accidentally through other pathways, e. g, oral ingestion, inhalation, and skin contact. Due to effective control of lead and arsenic ingestion through food chains, accidental ingestion has become one of the main sources for lead and arsenic entering human body. The bioaccessibility of soil lead or arsenic refers to the fraction that is soluble in the gastrointestinal environmental and is available for absorption. Many researchers have paid their attentions to soil lead and arsenic bioaccessibility that can be used in human health risk assessment. In this paper, the current methods for estimation of soil lead and arsenic bioaccessibility and their advantages and disadvatages were summarized. Some factors affecting soil lead and assenic bioaccessibility, such as soil properties and simulated gastrointestinal conditions, were disscused. In addition, predicting soil lead and arsenic exposure in human health risk assessment based on bioaccessibility data were also discussed. Finally, the paper recommended that suitable certified reference materials for bioaccessibility studies be developed, simulated gastrointestinal conditions be optimized, and bioaccessibility data be applied to human health risk assessment in the future. Once the potential of the method for bioaccessibility study is fully tapped, the human health risk from soil contamination can be reduced.