CAJ | 학술논문

从疟原虫的不同发育时期、不同的疫苗成份和宿主的遗传基因限制性等方面,深入研究抗疟疾疫苗.作用于红细胞前期的疟疾疫苗主要是抑制疟疾的临床发作,控制疟疾的传播;作用于红细胞期的疟疾疫苗诱导宿主体液免疫系统,产生特异性抗体,抑制疟原虫侵入和感染红细胞,达到减少疟原虫虫荷,降低疟疾的发病率和死亡率.作用于疟原虫有性生殖时期,控制疟疾传播的疟疾疫苗,其意义在于控制一个地区疟原虫的感染率和疟疾发病率,但对已感染疟原虫个体的免疫保护作用意义不大.在设计疟疾疫苗的过程中,必须克服不同个体的遗传基因限制性问题.由于疟原虫生活史的复杂性,同时也必须考虑到疟原虫不同发育阶段抗原成份的复杂性.
종학원충적불동발육시기、불동적역묘성빈화숙주적유전기인한제성등방면,심입연구항학질역묘.작용우홍세포전기적학질역묘주요시억제학질적림상발작,공제학질적전파;작용우홍세포기적학질역묘유도숙주체액면역계통,산생특이성항체,억제학원충침입화감염홍세포,체도감소학원충충하,강저학질적발병솔화사망솔.작용우학원충유성생식시기,공제학질전파적학질역묘,기의의재우공제일개지구학원충적감염솔화학질발병솔,단대이감염학원충개체적면역보호작용의의불대.재설계학질역묘적과정중,필수극복불동개체적유전기인한제성문제.유우학원충생활사적복잡성,동시야필수고필도학원충불동발육계단항원성빈적복잡성.
This paper describes the major strategies that have been employed in malaria vaccine development. The pre-erythrocytic-stage vaccines aim to prevent the development of all clinical symptoms and subsequent malaria transmission. Erythrocytic-stage vaccine designed aims to induce antibodies that prevent invasion and infection of erythrocytes, to reduce morbidity and mortality by decreasing the parasite load. Sexual-stage 'transmission blocking' vaccines aim to reduce malaria within a community as a whole, but convey no benefit for a malaria-infected individual. The design of a malaria vaccine must overcome genetic restriction to be effective to a diverse population. Due to the complex nature of the malaria life-cycle, it points out multiple antigens from different stages must also be incorporated into a vaccine.