CAJ | 학술논문

通过田间试验,研究了地膜覆盖旱直播栽培水稻群体冠层的结构特性、生态特性以及产量和产量构成.结果表明:地膜覆盖旱直播栽培水稻产量高于常规水育秧栽培(CK),有效穗数和成穗率增加.地膜覆盖旱直播栽培冠层各个层次的覆盖指数都显著低于常规水育秧栽培,冠层中、下层平均叶倾角大于常规水育秧栽培,叶片直立,增加了光的通透性.地膜覆盖旱直播栽培水稻冠层空气最高温度延迟2 h达到,且小于对照;冠层空气CO2浓度则较对照延迟2 h达到最低点,且12:00之前高于对照,14:00之后则低于对照; 冠层空气水分含量12:00之前小于对照,14:00之后则略大于对照.说明地膜覆盖旱直播栽培改善了群体结构和生态特性,为水稻高产提供了较好的生态基础.
통과전간시험,연구료지막복개한직파재배수도군체관층적결구특성、생태특성이급산량화산량구성.결과표명:지막복개한직파재배수도산량고우상규수육앙재배(CK),유효수수화성수솔증가.지막복개한직파재배관층각개층차적복개지수도현저저우상규수육앙재배,관층중、하층평균협경각대우상규수육앙재배,협편직립,증가료광적통투성.지막복개한직파재배수도관층공기최고온도연지2 h체도,차소우대조;관층공기CO2농도칙교대조연지2 h체도최저점,차12:00지전고우대조,14:00지후칙저우대조; 관층공기수분함량12:00지전소우대조,14:00지후칙략대우대조.설명지막복개한직파재배개선료군체결구화생태특성,위수도고산제공료교호적생태기출.
The canopy structural and ecological properties, grain yield and yield components of rice populations by the mode of polythene mulch cultivation with dry land direct seeding were conducted under field conditions. The results showed that the polythene mulch cultivation yielded higher and had more productive panicles and a higher ear-bearing tiller rate than the mode of conventional cultivation with wet land seedling raising (CK). The canopy cover indices of the polythene mulch cultivation on various spatial layers were all significantly smaller than those of the conventional cultivation; the polythene mulch cultivation, with bigger leafing angles (to the horizontal line) on the middle and lower layers, had erect leaves for a good light penetration. Compared with the conventional cultivation, the polythene mulch cultivation reached the maximal daily air temperature within the canopy two hours later and had a lower value of the maximal temperature, while it reached the minimal daily CO2 concentration within the canopy two hours later and the CO2 concentration was higher before 12:00 but lower after 14:00; for the air moisture content within the canopy, it had a lower value before 12:00 but a little higher value after 14:00. These results indicate that the polythene mulch cultivation provides a better ecological foundation for high yields by improving the population structural and ecological properties.