CAJ | 학술논문

[目的]探讨脑血管病的流行病学特征以及各种危险因素对不同类型卒中的影响,观察淮南地区人群脑血管病的发病特点.[方法]连续收集从2008年6月至2010年4月首次发病入院且资料完整的急性脑血管病患者773例,其中缺血性684例,出血性89例.分析卒中患者的发病年龄、分型特点及危险因素等.[结果]淮南地区773例首发卒中患者的平均发病年龄为(64.96±11.86)岁,其中出血性卒中组平均年龄显著低于缺血性卒中组(P＜0.001),男性卒中患者的平均发病年龄显著低于女性卒中患者(P＜0.01).缺血性卒中发病高峰年龄为60～79岁,出血性卒中发病高峰年龄为45～64岁,两者有显著性差异(p＜0.001).高血压是出血性和缺血性卒中的首要危险因素,其次为吸烟、饮酒、心脏病和糖尿病史.入院首次血压(收缩压和舒张压),出血性卒中组均显著高于缺血性卒中组(P ＜0.001).高血压史、吸烟史、饮酒史在出血性卒中组出现的频率均高于缺血性卒中组(P＜0.01、P＜0.05、P＜0.01).出血性卒中组血清高密度脂蛋白显著高于缺血性卒中(P＜0.001).本组患者就诊距发病时间＜24 h者出血性卒中约占75.0％～82.4％,缺血性卒中占48.8％～ 57.3％.[结论]淮南地区出血性卒中发病高峰年龄明显小于缺血性卒中,与国内多数报道一致；高血压是导致各类卒中的重要危险因素；血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇增高、吸烟、饮酒与出血性卒中密切相关.
[목적]탐토뇌혈관병적류행병학특정이급각충위험인소대불동류형졸중적영향,관찰회남지구인군뇌혈관병적발병특점.[방법]련속수집종2008년6월지2010년4월수차발병입원차자료완정적급성뇌혈관병환자773례,기중결혈성684례,출혈성89례.분석졸중환자적발병년령、분형특점급위험인소등.[결과]회남지구773례수발졸중환자적평균발병년령위(64.96±11.86)세,기중출혈성졸중조평균년령현저저우결혈성졸중조(P＜0.001),남성졸중환자적평균발병년령현저저우녀성졸중환자(P＜0.01).결혈성졸중발병고봉년령위60～79세,출혈성졸중발병고봉년령위45～64세,량자유현저성차이(p＜0.001).고혈압시출혈성화결혈성졸중적수요위험인소,기차위흡연、음주、심장병화당뇨병사.입원수차혈압(수축압화서장압),출혈성졸중조균현저고우결혈성졸중조(P ＜0.001).고혈압사、흡연사、음주사재출혈성졸중조출현적빈솔균고우결혈성졸중조(P＜0.01、P＜0.05、P＜0.01).출혈성졸중조혈청고밀도지단백현저고우결혈성졸중(P＜0.001).본조환자취진거발병시간＜24 h자출혈성졸중약점75.0％～82.4％,결혈성졸중점48.8％～ 57.3％.[결론]회남지구출혈성졸중발병고봉년령명현소우결혈성졸중,여국내다수보도일치；고혈압시도치각류졸중적중요위험인소；혈청고밀도지단백담고순증고、흡연、음주여출혈성졸중밀절상관.
[Objective]To investigate the distribution characteristics of two types of stroke in Huainan and study the pathogeny,clinical characteristics,and the difference on risk factors between hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke.[Methods] Stroke patient data from a total of 773 patients with first-ever stroke and complete cases in hospital between June,2008and April,2010,consisting of 684 patients with ischemic stroke,and 89 patients with hemorrhagic stroke were continuously collected.Then the age,classification characteristics,risk factors of stroke were analyzed.[Results] The mean age of 773 patients with first-ever stroke was(64.96 ± 11.86) years.Patients with ischemic stroke were significantly older than those with hemorrhagic stroke( P ＜0.001 ).Women who had suffered stroke were significantly older than men( P ＜0.01 ).The study showed a high ischemic stroke incidence for patients aged 60-79years and a high hemorrhagic stroke incidence for patients aged 45-64 years (P ＜0.001 ).Hypertension was the primary risk factor for ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke,followed by smoking,alcohol consumption,heart disease and diabetes.Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure in patients with hemorrhagic stroke were significantly higher than those with ischemic stroke ( P ＜ 0.001 ).The freguencies of hypertention,smoking,alcohol consumption were higher in the patients with hemorrhagic stroke than those with ischemic stroke(P ＜0.01,P ＜0.05,P ＜0.01 ).The level of HDL cholesterol was significantly higher in patients with hemorrhagic stroke than those with ischemic stroke ( P ＜ 0.001 ),75.0％-82.4％ of patients with hemorrhagic stroke and 48.8％ -57.3％ of patients with ischemic stroke were admitted within 24 hours after stroke onset.[Conclusions]The mean age of ischemic stroke is older than that of hemorrhagic stroke in Huainan,which is similar to previous reports observed in our country,Hypertension is the most important risk factor for all stroke.High level of HDL cholesterol,smoking,and alcohol consumption are probably associated with hemorrhagic stroke.