CAJ | 학술논문

通过600 d的土培试验,研究了棕壤中土壤环境质量二级标准附近的低剂量cu长期胁迫对苹果幼树(藤木一号/八棱海棠)生长的毒害效应,并利用PAGE同工酶电泳研究了植株的保护性反应.结果表明,苹果树通过增强4条过氧化物酶(peroxidases,POD)同工酶的表达,弥补了6条POD同工酶活性的降低,使POD总活性显著增强(P<0.05),叶片细胞膜透性未出现显著变化(P>0.05),在一定程度上保护了机体免于长期胁迫致死;但是长期低剂量铜胁迫(160～320 mg·kg~(-1))仍导致苹果树生长迟缓,春梢快速生长期推迟17～37 d,土壤施加铜160和240 mg·kg~(-1)的苹果树生物量比对照分别降低25.87%和29.84%(P<0.01),而且胁迫600 d后所有铜处理植株根系均伴有感染真菌病害(白纹羽病)的间接毒害效应.表明长期的、即使是低剂量的铜胁迫仍会对苹果树生长造成显著的毒害效应,土壤铜含量在土壤环境质量标准(果园二级标准为150～200 mg·kg~(-1))附近的果园重金属铜污染问题仍需引起进一步重视.
통과600 d적토배시험,연구료종양중토양배경질량이급표준부근적저제량cu장기협박대평과유수(등목일호/팔릉해당)생장적독해효응,병이용PAGE동공매전영연구료식주적보호성반응.결과표명,평과수통과증강4조과양화물매(peroxidases,POD)동공매적표체,미보료6조POD동공매활성적강저,사POD총활성현저증강(P<0.05),협편세포막투성미출현현저변화(P>0.05),재일정정도상보호료궤체면우장기협박치사;단시장기저제량동협박(160～320 mg·kg~(-1))잉도치평과수생장지완,춘소쾌속생장기추지17～37 d,토양시가동160화240 mg·kg~(-1)적평과수생물량비대조분별강저25.87%화29.84%(P<0.01),이차협박600 d후소유동처리식주근계균반유감염진균병해(백문우병)적간접독해효응.표명장기적、즉사시저제량적동협박잉회대평과수생장조성현저적독해효응,토양동함량재토양배경질량표준(과완이급표준위150～200 mg·kg~(-1))부근적과완중금속동오염문제잉수인기진일보중시.
To study the toxic effects of long-term (600 d) low-dose (around the second level of soil environmental quality standard) copper (Cu)stress on the growth of young apple trees[Malus pumila Mill(OBIR-2T-47)/M. micromalus Makino]in brown soils, 600 d soil culture experiments were done. And the protective reaction of the plants was analyzed using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(PAGE). Results showed that, the reactivity of six bands of peroxidase(POD)isoenzyme were lowered, and the expression of four bands of POD isoenzyme were enhanced, which lead to the significant enhanced total activity of POD in young apple trees(P<0.05); And non-significant change of electrolyte leakage of leaf was observed. These protective reactions helped the young apple tree to survive under the long-term Cu stress. However, long-term Cu stress do have adverse effect on the growth of the apple trees:the starting time of branch rapid growth was delayed for 17～37 d with long-term Cu treatments (160～320 mg·kg~(-1)); Meanwhile, the amount of biomass production significantly decreased (P<0.01) by 25.87％ and 29.84％ with 160 mg·kg~(-1) and 240 mg·kg~(-1) Cu treatments, respectively. Also, indirect toxic symptoms were observed that trees (roots)were all infected by the fungi disease-rosellinia trunk rot after 600 d Cu stress. All of these results indicated that long term low-dose Cu tress had significant adverse effect on the growth of apple trees, so more attention should be paid to Cu contamination in orchard soils with Cu concentration around environmental quality standard(150～200 mg·kg~(-1) for orchard soils).